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LULULEMON ATHLETICA INC. - 10-K - MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(Edgar Glimpses Via Acquire Media NewsEdge)
This discussion summarizes our consolidated operating results, financial
condition and liquidity during the three-year period ending February 3, 2013.
Our fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to January 31 of the following year,
typically resulting in a 52 week year, but occasionally giving rise to an
additional week, resulting in a 53 week year. Fiscal 2012 is a 53 week year. Net
sales numbers include results from the 53rd week; however, comparable stores
sales calculations exclude the 53rd week. Fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 ended on
February 3, 2013, January 29, 2012 and January 30, 2011, respectively. The
following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our
consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in
this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements based on
current expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, such as
our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions set forth in the "Special
Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements." Our actual results and the timing of
events may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward looking
statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in the
"Item 1A-Risk Factors" section and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Overview
Our results for fiscal 2012 demonstrate the ongoing success of our efforts to
execute the goals we set at the end of last year. We committed to continued
investment in our stores and our people, making infrastructure enhancements and
funding working capital requirements, while remaining conscious of our
discretionary spending. These goals included driving store productivity along
with North American store build out and ecommerce, seeding international markets
via a community, showroom and ecommerce model, and reinvesting in product
innovation to create value and differentiation in our product lines and to
enhance our leadership position for the long term. We continually assess the
economic environment and market conditions when making decisions regarding
timing of our investments.
Our investments in our stores and people were reflected in our comparable stores
net revenue growth, which leveraged our fixed operating costs. We increased our
store base through execution of our real estate strategy, when and where we saw
opportunities for success. For example, we opened 37 new corporate-owned stores
in North America, Australia, and New Zealand since fiscal 2011. Where we find
opportunities for growth through opening showrooms, or other community presence
efforts, we expect to expand our store base and therefore our business. Our
growth strategy relies on positive comparable store sales and expansion in North
America, particularly in the United States. We have also determined that
international growth is an opportunity and are expanding our foothold in markets
by establishing local community connections, distributing to strategic sales
partners and opening showrooms where we feel our key guests are shopping.
Throughout fiscal 2012, we were able to grow our e-commerce business which has
further increased our brand awareness and has made our product available in new
markets, including those outside of North America. This sales channel offers a
higher operating margin than our other segments and accounted for 16.1% of total
revenue in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 compared to 13.5% of total revenue
in the same period of the prior year. Continuing increases in traffic and
conversion rates on our e-commerce website lead us to believe that there is
potential for our direct to consumer segment to become an increasingly
substantial part of our business and we plan to continue to commit a portion of
our resources to further developing this channel. In fiscal 2012 we launched
country and region specific websites in Australia, Europe and Asia to provide
our online guests with local content, assortment and pricing.
In mid-March 2013, we determined that certain shipments of women's black Luon
bottoms received from our factories and available in our stores from March 1,
2013, did not meet our technical specifications. As we became aware of this
issue, we pulled what we believe to be all of the affected items from our
stores, showrooms
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and e-commerce sites and began working with our supplier to replace the fabric
and with our other manufacturers to replace these items as quickly as possible.
The lost revenue, additional costs expected to be incurred and the write down of
affected product on hand from this issue will negatively impact our results from
operations in Fiscal 2013.
We believe that our brand is recognized as premium in our offerings of run and
yoga assortment, as well as a leader in technical fabrics and functionality.
This has made our product desirable to our consumers and has driven demand,
which we are able to meet given our increased product depth compared to last
year. Delivering quality to our customers is a critical factor in our market
place differentiation and removing items that do not meet our standards is key
to maintaining our brand reputation. In fiscal 2013, we plan on investing in new
and legacy information technology systems to develop new capabilities in our
vertical retail strategy. We have recently added strong leadership in Quality
Control, our Liason Office and our commercialization and development teams, and
expect these people and other investments to solidify our quality consistency
and our delivery capabilities. We believe our strong cash flow generation, solid
balance sheet and healthy liquidity provide us with the financial flexibility to
continue executing the initiatives which we believe will lead to quality growth.
Operating Segment Overview
lululemon is a designer and retailer of technical athletic apparel operating
primarily in North America and Australia. Our yoga-inspired apparel is marketed
under the lululemon athletica and ivivva athletica brand names. We offer a
comprehensive line of apparel and accessories including fitness pants, shorts,
tops and jackets designed for athletic pursuits such as yoga, running and
general fitness, and dance-inspired apparel for female youth. As of February 3,
2013, our branded apparel was principally sold through 211 corporate-owned
stores that are located in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand
and via our e-commerce websites through our direct to consumer sales channel. We
believe our vertical retail strategy allows us to interact more directly with
and gain insights from our customers while providing us with greater control of
our brand. In fiscal 2012, 61% of our net revenue was derived from sales of our
products in the United States, 34% of our net revenue was derived from the sales
of our products in Canada and 5% of our net revenue was derived from sales of
our products outside of North America. In fiscal 2011, 53% of our net revenue
was derived from sales of our products in the United States, 43% of our net
revenue was derived from the sales of our products in Canada and 4% of our net
revenue was derived from sales of our products outside of North America. In
fiscal 2010, 46% of our net revenue was derived from sales of our products in
the United States, 52% of our net revenue was derived from the sales of our
products in Canada and 2% of our net revenue was derived from sales of our
products outside of North America.
Our net revenue increased from $1,000.8 million in fiscal 2011 to
$1,370.4 million in fiscal 2012, representing a 37% increase. Our increase in
net revenue from fiscal 2011 to fiscal 2012 resulted from the addition of 37
retail locations, and comparable store sales growth of 16% in fiscal 2012,
excluding the impact of the 53rd week. Our ability to open new stores and grow
sales in existing stores has been driven by increasing demand for our technical
athletic apparel and a growing recognition of the lululemon athletica brand. We
believe our superior products, strategic store locations, inviting store
environment, grassroots marketing approach and distinctive corporate culture are
responsible for our strong financial performance.
We have three reportable segments: corporate-owned stores, direct to consumer
and other. We report our segments based on the financial information we use in
managing our businesses. While we receive financial information for each
corporate-owned store, we have aggregated all of the corporate-owned stores into
one reportable segment due to the similarities in the economic and other
characteristics of these stores. Our corporate-owned stores segment accounted
for 80% of our net revenue in fiscal 2012, 82% in fiscal 2011 and 83% in fiscal
2010. Our direct to consumer segment accounted for 14% of our net revenue in
fiscal 2012, 11% in fiscal 2011 and 8% in fiscal 2010. Our other segment,
consisting of franchise sales, wholesale accounts, sales from company-operated
showrooms, warehouse sales and outlets, each accounted for less than 10% of our
net revenue in each of fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010. We previously
reported our franchise channel as an operating segment; however, we reacquired
our remaining four franchised stores in fiscal 2011 and opening new franchise
stores is not part of our growth strategy.
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As of February 3, 2013, we sold our products through 211 corporate-owned stores
located in, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. We plan to
increase our net revenue in North America and Australia by opening additional
corporate-owned stores in new and existing markets. Corporate-owned stores
accounted for 80% of total net revenue in fiscal 2012, 82% of total net revenue
in fiscal 2011 and 83% of total net revenue in fiscal 2010.
As of February 3, 2013, our direct to consumer segment included our lululemon
and ivivva e-commerce websites. E-commerce sales are taken directly from retail
customers through www.lululemon.com and www.ivivva.com and other country and
region specific websites. Our direct to consumer segment is an increasingly
substantial part of our growth strategy, and now represents 14% of our net
revenue.
In addition to deriving revenue from sales through our corporate-owned stores
and direct to consumer, we also derive other net revenue, which includes
wholesale customers, as well as warehouse sales and sales through a number of
company-operated showrooms and temporary locations. Wholesale customers include
select premium yoga studios, health clubs and fitness centers. Warehouse sales
are typically held one or more times a year to sell slow moving inventory or
inventory from prior seasons to retail customers at discounted prices. Our
showrooms are typically small locations that we open from time to time when we
enter new markets and feature a limited selection of our product offering during
select hours. Our temporary locations are typically opened for the holiday
season in markets in which we may not already have a presence. We reacquired our
four remaining franchise stores during fiscal 2011, and as such, franchise
sales, which included inventory sales and royalties, are no longer a part of our
other net revenue. Other net revenue accounted for 6% of total revenue in fiscal
2012, 7% of total net revenue in fiscal 2011 and 9% of total net revenue in
fiscal 2010.
We believe that our athletic apparel has and will continue to appeal to
consumers outside of North America who value its technical attributes as well as
its function and style. In 2004, we opened our first store in Australia which
was operated under a franchise license. In fiscal 2009 we made a 13% equity
investment in lululemon athletica australia Pty, our franchise operator. During
fiscal 2010 we increased our investment to 80% which provided us with control
over lululemon athletica australia Pty. During fiscal 2012 we purchased the
remaining non-controlling interest in lululemon athletica australia Pty. In
fiscal 2008, we opened our first company-operated showroom in Hong Kong and in
fiscal 2012 we opened our first company-operated showroom in the United Kingdom.
Basis of Presentation
Net revenue is comprised of:
• corporate-owned store net revenue, which includes sales to customers
through corporate-owned stores in North America and Australia;
• direct to consumer revenue, which includes sales from our e-commerce
websites; and
• other net revenue, which includes wholesale accounts, franchises net revenue, which consists of royalties as well as sales of our products to
franchises, warehouse sales, outlets and sales from company-operated
showrooms.
in each case, net of an estimated allowance for sales returns and discounts.
In addition, we separately track comparable store sales, which reflect net
revenue at corporate-owned stores that have been open for at least 12 months.
Therefore, net revenue from a store is included in comparable store sales
beginning with the first month for which the store has a full month of
comparable prior year sales. Non-comparable store sales include sales from new
stores that have not been open or otherwise not operated by us for 12 months or
from stores which have been significantly remodeled or relocated. Also included
in non-comparable stores sales are sales from direct to consumer sales,
wholesale, franchises, warehouse sales and
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showrooms, and sales from corporate-owned stores which we have closed. The 53rd
week of fiscal 2012 is excluded from the calculation of comparable store sales.
By measuring the change in year-over-year net revenue in stores that have been
open for 12 months or more, comparable store sales allows us to evaluate how our
core store base is performing. Various factors affect comparable store sales,
including:
• the location of new stores relative to existing stores;
• consumer preferences, buying trends and overall economic trends;
• our ability to anticipate and respond effectively to customer preferences
for technical athletic apparel;
• competition;
• changes in our merchandise mix;
• pricing;
• the timing of our releases of new merchandise and promotional events;
• the effectiveness of our grassroots marketing efforts;
• the level of customer service that we provide in our stores;
• our ability to source and distribute products efficiently; and
• the number of stores we open, close (including for temporary renovations)
and expand in any period.
Opening new stores is an important part of our growth strategy. Accordingly,
comparable store sales has limited utility for assessing the success of our
growth strategy insofar as comparable store sales do not reflect the performance
of stores open less than 12 months.
Cost of goods sold includes:
• the cost of purchased merchandise, which includes acquisition and
production costs including raw material and labor, as applicable;
• the cost incurred to deliver inventory to our distribution centers
including freight, non-refundable taxes, duty and other landing costs;
• the cost of our distribution centers (such as labor, rent and utilities)
and the depreciation and amortization related to our distribution centers;
• the cost of our production, merchandise and design departments including
salaries, stock-based compensation and benefits, and operating expenses;
• the cost of occupancy related to store operations (such as rent and utilities) and the depreciation and amortization related to store-level
capital expenditures;
• hemming; and
• shrink and valuation reserves.
Cost of goods sold also may change as we open or close stores because of the
resulting change in related occupancy costs. The primary drivers of the costs of
individual goods are the costs of raw materials and labor in the countries where
we source our merchandise.
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of all operating costs not
otherwise included in cost of goods sold. Our selling, general and
administrative expenses include marketing costs, accounting costs, information
technology costs, human resource costs, professional fees, corporate facility
costs, corporate and
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store-level payroll and benefits expenses, stock-based compensation and
occupancy, depreciation and amortization expense for all assets other than
depreciation and amortization expenses related to store-level capital
expenditures and our distribution centers, each of which are included in cost of
goods sold. We anticipate that our selling, general and administrative expenses
will increase in absolute dollars due to anticipated continued growth of our
corporate support staff and store-level employees.
Other income (expense), net includes interest earned on our cash balances and
our advances to franchise, interest costs associated with our credit facilities
and with letters of credit drawn under these facilities for the purchase of
merchandise and our share of the operations of our investment in lululemon
athletica australia PTY prior to obtaining control in fiscal 2010, including the
remeasurement of our investment immediately before obtaining control of the
business. We expect to continue to generate interest income to the extent that
our cash generated from operations exceeds our cash used for investment. We have
maintained relatively small outstanding balances on our credit facilities and
expect to continue to do so for the foreseeable future.
Provision for income taxes depends on the statutory tax rates in the countries
where we sell our products. Historically we had generated taxable income in
Canada and we had generated tax losses in the United States. In fiscal 2010 we
earned taxable income in the United States and fully utilized any net operating
losses available from prior periods. We anticipate continued growth in the
United States and consequently foresee an increase in taxable income reported.
We have recorded deferred tax assets in respect of deductible temporary
differences of $15.0 million.
Our effective tax rate for fiscal 2012 was 7.3% lower than the effective rate
for fiscal 2011 due primarily to the ongoing impact of revised intercompany
pricing agreements. Our effective tax rate in fiscal 2012 was 28.8%, compared to
36.1% in fiscal 2011 and 33.3% in fiscal 2010.
We anticipate that in the future we may start to sell our products directly to
some customers located outside of Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom,
Hong Kong, Australia and New Zealand, in which case we would become subject to
taxation based on the foreign statutory rates in the countries where these sales
take place and our effective tax rate could fluctuate accordingly.
Results of Operations
The following tables summarize key components of our results of operations for
the periods indicated, both in dollars and as a percentage of net revenue:
Fiscal Year Ended
February 3, January 29, January 30,
2013 2012 2011
(In thousands)
Consolidated statements of operations:
Net revenue $ 1,370,358 $ 1,000,839 $ 711,704
Cost of goods sold 607,532 431,488 316,757
Gross profit 762,826 569,351 394,947
Selling, general and administrative
expenses 386,387 282,393 214,556
Income from operations 376,439 286,958 180,391
Other income (expense), net 4,957 2,500 2,886
Income before provision for income
taxes 381,396 289,458 183,277
Provision for income taxes 109,965 104,494 61,080
Net income 271,431 184,964 122,197
Net income attributable to
non-controlling interest 875 901 350
Net income attributable to lululemon
athletica inc. $ 270,556 $ 184,063 $ 121,847
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Fiscal Year Ended
February 3, January 29, January 30,
2013 2012 2011
(% of net revenue)
Net revenue 100.0 100.0 100.0
Cost of goods sold 44.3 43.1 44.5
Gross profit 55.7 56.9 55.5
Selling, general and administrative
expenses 28.2 28.2 30.1
Income from operations 27.5 28.7 25.4
Other income (expense), net 0.3 0.2 0.4
Income before provision for income
taxes 27.8 28.9 25.8
Provision for income taxes 8.0 10.4 8.6
Net income 19.8 18.5 17.2
Net income attributable to
non-controlling interest 0.1 0.1 0.1
Net income attributable to
lululemon athletica inc. 19.7 18.4 17.1
Comparison of Fiscal 2012 to Fiscal 2011
Net Revenue
Net revenue increased $369.5 million, or 37%, to $1,370.4 million in fiscal 2012
from $1,000.8 million in fiscal 2011. Assuming the average exchange rates in
fiscal 2012 remained constant with the average exchange rates in fiscal 2011,
our net revenue would have increased $370.5 million, or 37%.
The net revenue increase was driven by increased sales at locations in our
comparable stores base, sales from new stores opened, and the growth of our
direct to consumer segment. The constant dollar increase in comparable store
sales was driven primarily by the strength of our existing product lines,
successful introduction of new products and increasing recognition of the
lululemon athletica brand name, especially at our U.S. stores, that drove higher
transactions per store.
Our net revenue on a segment basis for fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011 are expressed
in dollar amounts as well as relevant percentages, presented as a percentage of
total net revenue below.
Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2013 and
January 29, 2012
2012 2011 2012 2011
(In thousands) (Percentages) Corporate-owned stores $ 1,090,181 $ 816,925 79.6 81.6
Direct to consumer 197,255 106,313 14.4 10.6
Other 82,922 77,601 6.0 7.8
Net revenue $ 1,370,358 $ 1,000,839 100.0 100.0
Corporate-Owned Stores. Net revenue from our corporate-owned stores segment
increased $273.3 million, or 33%, to $1,090.2 million in fiscal 2012 from
$816.9 million in fiscal 2011. The following contributed to the increase in net
revenue from our corporate-owned stores segment:
• Comparable store sales increase of 16% in fiscal 2012 resulted in a $118.3
million increase to net revenue, including the effect of foreign currency
fluctuations. Excluding the effect of foreign currency fluctuations,
comparable store sales increased 16%, or $119.3 million, in fiscal 2012;
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• Net revenue from corporate-owned stores we opened during fiscal 2012, and
during fiscal 2011 prior to sales from such stores becoming part of our
comparable stores base, contributed $136.3 million of the increase. New
store openings in fiscal 2012 included four stores in Canada, including
three ivivva branded stores, 27 stores in the United States, five in
Australia, and one in New Zealand; and
• Net revenue of $18.7 from the 53rd week of fiscal 2012, which was excluded
in the calculation of comparable store sales.
Direct to Consumer. Net revenue from our direct to consumer segment increased
$90.9 million, or 86%, to $197.3 million in fiscal 2012 from $106.3 million in
fiscal 2011, including $4.2 million of net revenue from the 53rd week of fiscal
2012. The increase in net revenue from our direct to consumer segment was a
result of increasing traffic, conversion rates and average order value on our
e-commerce website, as well as making our products available in new markets
outside of North America.
Other. Net revenue from our other segment increased $5.3 million, or 7%, to
$82.9 million in fiscal 2012 from $77.6 million in fiscal 2011. The increase in
net revenue from our other segment was primarily due to increased sales from our
outlets and showrooms sales channels. The increase was partially offset by
decreased net revenue from wholesale. In addition, we reacquired our four
remaining franchise stores during fiscal 2011, therefore revenue from these
stores is now included in our corporate-owned stores segment. We continue to
employ our other segment strategy to increase interest in our product in markets
where we may not have corporate-owned stores.
Gross Profit
Gross profit increased $193.5 million, or 34%, to $762.8 million in fiscal 2012
from $569.4 million in fiscal 2011. Increased net revenue in most of our
operating segments resulted in an increased gross profit.
The increase in gross profit was partially offset by increases in fixed costs,
such as occupancy costs and depreciation, as well as increased costs related to
our design, merchandising, and production departments.
Gross profit, as a percentage of net revenue, or gross margin, decreased
120 basis points, to 55.7% in fiscal 2012 from 56.9% in fiscal 2011. The
decrease in gross margin resulted primarily from:
• an increase in product costs of 200 basis points due to increased labor
and raw materials costs related to increased product innovation, function
and garment complexity, as well as an increase in markdowns and discounts
due to a more balanced inventory position in fiscal 2012 compared to
fiscal 2011;
• an increase in expenses related to our product and supply chain
departments, relative to the increase in net revenue, which had a
deleveraging effect on gross margin of 30 basis points.
The decrease in gross margin was partially offset by:
• a decrease in air freight of 60 basis points due to lower air freight
usage than in fiscal 2011; and
• a decrease in fixed costs, such as occupancy costs and depreciation,
relative to the increase in net revenue, which had a leveraging effect on
gross margin of 50 basis points.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $104.0 million, or 37%,
to $386.4 million in fiscal 2012 from $282.4 million in fiscal 2011. The
increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was principally
comprised of:
• an increase in employee costs of $39.2 million as we experience natural
growth in labor hours associated with new and existing corporate-owned
stores, outlets, showrooms and other, as well as an increase in wages as
we invest in our employees;
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• an increase in variable store costs of $7.0 million as a result of
increased sales volume from new and existing corporate-owned stores,
outlets, showrooms and other;
• an increase in variable costs such as distribution costs, credit card fees and packaging related to our direct to consumer segment of $10.2 million
as a result of increased sales volume;
• an increase in administrative costs related to our direct to consumer segment of $8.0 million associated with the growth in this channel and
increased head count to support it;
• an increase in head office employee costs, including stock-based compensation expense and management incentive-based compensation, of $18.9
million from increased head count incurred in order to position us for
long-term growth;
• an increase in other head office costs of $11.2 million as a result of the
overall growth of our business and investment in strategic initiatives and
projects; and
• an increase in other costs, including occupancy costs and depreciation not
included in cost of goods sold, of $9.5 million as a result of the
expansion of our business and in order to position us for long-term
growth.
As a percentage of net revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses
remained unchanged at 28.2% in both fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011.
We expect selling, general and administrative expenses to increase throughout
fiscal 2013 as we add administrative and sales personnel and increase our
infrastructure to support the growth in our store base.
Income from Operations
Income from operations increased $89.5 million, or 31%, to $376.4 million in
fiscal 2012 from $287.0 million in fiscal 2011. The increase was a result of
increased gross profit of $193.5 million, partially offset by increased selling,
general and administrative costs of $104.0 million. The increase in selling,
general and administrative costs was primarily driven by the increase in our
business, as seen in our net revenue increases.
On a segment basis, we determine income from operations without taking into
account our general corporate expenses. We have reviewed our general corporate
expenses and determined some costs previously classified as general corporate
are direct segment expenses. Accordingly, all prior year comparable information
has been reclassified to conform to the current year classification.
Income from operations before general corporate expenses for fiscal 2012 and
fiscal 2011 are expressed in dollar amounts as well as percentages, presented as
a percentage of net revenue of their respective operating segments below.
Fiscal Year Ended February 3, 2013 and
January 29, 2012
2012 2011 2012 2011
(In thousands) (Percentages)
Corporate-owned stores $ 379,670 $ 297,809 34.8 36.5
Direct to consumer 82,947 44,175 42.1 41.6
Other 17,370 21,103 20.9 27.2
Income from operations before general
corporate expense $ 479,987 $ 363,087
General corporate expense $ 103,548 $ 76,129
Income from operations $ 376,439 $ 286,958
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Corporate-Owned Stores. Income from operations from our corporate-owned stores
segment increased $81.9 million, or 27%, to $379.7 million for fiscal 2012 from
$297.8 million for fiscal 2011 primarily due to an increase of $137.1 million in
gross profit, which was offset partially by a natural increase in selling,
general and administrative expenses related to employee costs as well as
operating expenses associated with new stores and net revenue growth at existing
stores. Income from operations as a percentage of corporate-owned stores revenue
decreased by 170 basis points primarily from a decrease in gross margin related
to increased product costs.
Direct to consumer. Income from operations from our direct to consumer segment
increased $38.8 million, or 88%, to $82.9 million in fiscal 2012 from
$44.2 million in fiscal 2011 due to increased sales through our e-commerce
website and the addition of regional websites, with gross profit increasing
$56.2 over fiscal 2011. Income from operations as a percentage of direct to
consumer revenue increased by 50 basis points in fiscal 2012 compared to fiscal
2011 due to leverage on fixed costs.
Other. Income from operations from our other segment decreased $3.7 million, or
18%, to $17.4 million in fiscal 2012 from $21.1 million in fiscal 2011. The
decrease was primarily the result of our reacquisition of our four remaining
franchise stores during fiscal 2011, as revenue from these stores is now
included in our corporate-owned stores segment. We continue to employ our other
segment strategy to increase interest in our product in markets we have not
otherwise entered with corporate-owned stores.
General Corporate Expense. General corporate expenses increased $27.4 million,
or 36%, to $103.5 million in fiscal 2012 from $76.1 million in fiscal 2011. This
increase was primarily due to an increase in expenses related to our head office
growth of $19.4 million, which was largely related to the growth of our
information technology department for systems implementations and infrastructure
investments, our human resources department as a result of the overall growth of
our business, and increased professional fees related to investment in strategic
initiatives and projects. General corporate expenses also increased as a result
of increased stock-based compensation expense of $4.7 million and increased
depreciation and amortization expense of $3.3 million. General corporate
expenses are expected to continue to increase in future years as we grow our
overall business and require increased efforts at our head office to support our
corporate-owned stores, direct to consumer and other segments.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net increased $2.5 million, to $5.0 million in fiscal
2012 from $2.5 million in fiscal 2011. The increase was primarily a result of
increased interest income earned in fiscal 2012 compared to fiscal 2011 on our
increased cash balances.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes increased $5.5 million, or 5%, to $110.0 million in
fiscal 2012 from $104.5 million in fiscal 2011. In fiscal 2012, our effective
tax rate was 28.8% compared to 36.1% in fiscal 2011. The lower effective tax
rate was due to the ongoing impact of revised intercompany pricing agreements.
We have not recorded deferred taxes on undistributed earnings and other
temporary differences of our Canadian subsidiary which are considered to be
indefinitely reinvested. If management's intentions with respect to these
undistributed earnings and other temporary differences were to change in the
future, deferred taxes may need to be provided that could materially impact our
financial results.
Net Income
Net income increased $86.5 million, or 47%, to $270.6 million in fiscal 2012
from $184.1 million in fiscal 2011. The increase in net income in fiscal 2012
was primarily due to a $193.5 million increase in gross profit resulting from
sales growth at existing and additional corporate-owned stores opened during
fiscal 2012 and
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increasing traffic on our e-commerce website and the addition of regional
websites and a $2.5 million increase in other income (expense), net, offset by
an increase of $104.0 million in selling, general and administrative expenses,
and an increase of $5.5 million in provision for income taxes.
Comparison of Fiscal 2011 to Fiscal 2010
Net Revenue
Net revenue increased $289.1 million, or 41%, to $1,000.8 million in fiscal 2011
from $711.7 million in fiscal 2010. Assuming the average exchange rate between
the Canadian and United States dollars and the Australian and United States
dollars in fiscal 2010 remained constant, our net revenue would have increased
$274.7 million, or 39%, in fiscal 2011.
The net revenue increase was driven by increased sales at locations in our
comparable stores base, sales from new stores opened, sales from franchised
stores that were reacquired during fiscal 2011 and the growth of our direct to
consumer segment. The constant dollar increase in comparable store sales was
driven primarily by the strength of our existing product lines, successful
introduction of new products and increasing recognition of the lululemon
athletica brand name, especially at our U.S. stores.
Our net revenue on a segment basis for fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 are expressed
in dollar amounts as well as relevant percentages, presented as a percentage of
total net revenue below.
Fiscal Year Ended January 29, 2012 and
January 30, 2011
2011 2010 2011 2010
(In thousands) (Percentages) Corporate-owned stores $ 816,925 $ 590,389 81.6 83.0
Direct to consumer 106,313 57,348 10.6 8.1
Other 77,601 63,967 7.8 8.9
Net revenue $ 1,000,839 $ 711,704 100.0 100.0
Corporate-Owned Stores. Net revenue from our corporate-owned stores segment
increased $226.5 million, or 38%, to $816.9 million in fiscal 2011 from
$590.4 million in fiscal 2010. The following contributed to the increase in net
revenue from our corporate-owned stores segment:
• Comparable store sales increase of 22% in fiscal 2011 resulted in a
$125.2 million increase to net revenue, including the effect of foreign
currency fluctuations. Excluding the effect of foreign currency
fluctuations, comparable store sales increased 20%, or $114.2 million, in
fiscal 2011;
• Net revenue from corporate-owned stores we opened during fiscal 2011, and during fiscal 2010 prior to sales from such stores becoming part of our
comparable stores base, contributed $94.8 million of the increase. Net new
store openings in fiscal 2011 included three stores in Canada, 26 stores
in the United States, seven in Australia, and one in New Zealand; and
• The reacquisition of four U.S. franchise stores in fiscal 2011 contributed
$6.5 million of the increase.
Direct to Consumer. Net revenue from our direct to consumer segment increased
$49.0 million, or 85%, to $106.3 million in fiscal 2011 from $57.3 million in
fiscal 2010. The increase in net revenue from our direct to consumer segment was
a result of increasing traffic, conversion rates, and average order value on our
e-commerce website.
Other. Net revenue from our other segment increased $13.6 million, or 21%, to
$77.6 million in fiscal 2011 from $64.0 million in fiscal 2010. The increase was
a result of increasing net revenue across most of our sales channels included in
our other segment: wholesale, showrooms, warehouse sales and outlets. Net
revenue from our franchise channel decreased due to the reacquisition of our
remaining four remaining franchise stores in the United States, now included in
our corporate-owned stores segment.
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Gross Profit
Gross profit increased $174.4 million, or 44%, to $569.4 million in fiscal 2011
from $394.9 million in fiscal 2010. Increased net revenue as well as a
strengthening Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar improved product
margin in all of our operating segments, and ultimately resulted in an increased
gross profit.
The increase in gross profit was partially offset by increases in fixed costs,
such as occupancy costs and depreciation, as well as increased costs related to
our design, production, distribution and merchandising departments.
Gross profit, as a percentage of net revenue, or gross margin, increased
140 basis points, to 56.9% in fiscal 2011 from 55.5% in fiscal 2010. The
increase in gross margin resulted primarily from:
• a decrease in fixed costs, such as occupancy costs and depreciation,
relative to the increase in net revenue, which had a leveraging effect on
gross margin of 80 basis points;
• strengthening of the Canadian and Australian dollars, relative to the
U.S. dollar, decreased foreign exchange impacts on product costs and
contributed 70 basis points; and
• a decrease in expenses related to our product and supply chain
departments, relative to the increase in net revenue, which had a
leveraging effect on gross margin of 10 basis points.
The increase in gross margin was partially offset by a decrease in product
margins, which contributed 20 basis points. This was primarily a result of
product cost pressures from raw materials and labour costs which were partially
offset by strong sell through of merchandise with fewer markdowns and discounts
than in fiscal 2010.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $67.8 million, or 32%, to
$282.4 million in fiscal 2011 from $214.6 million in fiscal 2010. The increase
in selling, general and administrative expenses was principally comprised of:
• an increase in employee costs of $29.1 million as we experience natural growth in labor hours associated with new and existing corporate-owned
stores, outlets and other, as well as an increase in wages as we invest in
our employees;
• an increase in head office employee costs, including stock-based compensation expense and management incentive-based compensation, of $15.4
million incurred in order to position us for long-term growth;
• an increase in other head office costs of $12.4 million as a result of the
expansion of our business;
• an increase in other costs, including occupancy costs and depreciation not
included in cost of goods sold, of $7.0 million associated with new and
existing corporate-owned stores, outlets and other;
• an increase in variable store costs of $6.7 million as a result of increased sales volume from new and existing corporate-owned stores,
outlets and other; and
• an increase in administrative costs of $3.3 million related to our Australian business, in which we increased our investment significantly in
the second quarter of fiscal 2010, which we now report on a consolidated
basis.
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The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was partially
offset by a decrease in administrative costs of $6.1 million related to our
direct to consumer segment. This decrease was primarily associated with a
reduction in professional fees resulting from bringing our e-commerce operations
in-house in the first half of fiscal 2011, offset by higher costs associated
with volume growth in this channel.
As a percentage of net revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses
decreased 190 basis points, to 28.2% in fiscal 2011 from 30.1% in fiscal 2010.
Income from Operations
Income from operations increased $106.6 million, or 59%, to $287.0 million in
fiscal 2011 from $180.4 million in fiscal 2010. The increase was a result of
increased gross profit of $174.3 million, partially offset by increased selling,
general and administrative costs of $67.8 million. The increase in selling,
general and administrative costs was primarily driven by the increase in our
business, as seen in our net revenue increases.
On a segment basis, we determine income from operations without taking into
account our general corporate expenses. We have reviewed our general corporate
expenses and determined some costs previously classified as general corporate
are direct segment expenses. Accordingly, all prior year comparable information
has be reclassified to conform to the current year classification.
Income from operations (before general corporate expenses) for fiscal 2011 and
fiscal 2010 are expressed in dollar amounts as well as percentages, presented as
a percentage of net revenue of their respective operating segments below.
Fiscal Year Ended January 29, 2012 and
January 30, 2011
2011 2010 2011 2010
(In thousands) (Percentages)
Corporate-owned stores $ 297,809 $ 207,692 36.5 35.2
Direct to consumer 44,175 14,035 41.6 24.5
Other 21,103 16,925 27.2 26.5
Income from operations before general
corporate expense $ 363,087 $ 238,652
General corporate expense $ 76,129 $ 58,261
Income from operations $ 286,958 $ 180,391
Corporate-Owned Stores. Income from operations from our corporate-owned stores
segment increased $90.1 million, or 43%, to $297.8 million for fiscal 2011 from
$207.7 million for fiscal 2010 primarily due to an increase of $137.2 million in
gross profit, which was offset partially by a natural increase in selling,
general and administrative expenses related to employee costs as well as
operating expenses associated with new stores and net revenue growth at existing
stores. Income from operations as a percentage of corporate-owned stores revenue
increased by 130 basis points primarily from leverage gained over fixed costs.
Direct to consumer. Income from operations from our direct to consumer segment
increased $30.1 million, or 215%, to $44.2 million in fiscal 2011 from
$14.0 million in fiscal 2010 due to increasing traffic and conversion rates on
our e-commerce website. Income from operations as a percentage of direct to
consumer revenue increased by 1710 basis points in fiscal 2011 compared to
fiscal 2010 due to decreased professional fees paid as our e-commerce operations
were brought in-house near the beginning of fiscal 2011. We discontinued our
phone sales channel during fiscal 2011, and therefore our direct to consumer
segment will only include e-commerce sales in future fiscal years.
Other. Income from operations from our other segment increased $4.2 million, or
25%, to $21.1 million in fiscal 2011 from $16.9 million in fiscal 2010. This
increase was primarily the result of temporary locations open
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in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2011 and additional warehouse sales held during
the fourth quarter of fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010. This increase was
also a result of increased income from strategic sales, showrooms and outlets,
partially offset by decreased income from our franchise operating channel. We
reacquired our four remaining franchised locations during the third quarter of
fiscal 2011; as a result, income from operations from the reacquired stores is
now included in our corporate-owned stores segment.
General Corporate Expense. General corporate expenses increased $17.9 million,
or 31%, to $76.1 million in fiscal 2011 from $58.3 million in fiscal 2010. This
increase was primarily due to an increase in expenses related to our head office
growth of $15.8 million, which was largely related to the growth of our
information technology and human resources departments to support the growth of
our business. Income from operations also increased as a result of increased
stock-based compensation expense of $2.2 million, an increase in foreign
exchange losses of $1.2 million, and increased depreciation and amortization
expense of $0.5 million. The increase was partially offset by a decreased
provision for impairment and lease exit costs of $1.8 million.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net decreased $0.4 million, to $2.5 million in fiscal
2011 from $2.9 million in fiscal 2010. The decrease was primarily a result of
re-measuring our 13 percent non-controlling equity investment in Australia
immediately prior to obtaining control of the business, which led to a
$1.8 million gain on investment in fiscal 2010. This was offset by increased
interest income earned in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 on our increased
cash balances.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes increased $43.4 million, or 71%, to $104.5 million in
fiscal 2011 from $61.1 million in fiscal 2010. In fiscal 2011, our effective tax
rate was 36.1% compared to 33.3% in fiscal 2010. The higher effective tax rate
was due to the proportional increase of taxable income in the United States in
fiscal 2011 compared to taxable income in Canada which is taxed at a rate lower
than the US statutory rate combined with the declining Canadian corporate tax
rate.
We have not recorded deferred taxes on undistributed earnings and other
temporary differences of our Canadian subsidiary which are considered to be
indefinitely reinvested. If management's intentions with respect to these
undistributed earnings and other temporary differences were to change in the
future, deferred taxes may need to be provided that could materially impact our
financial results.
Net Income
Net income increased $62.2 million, or 51%, to $184.1 million in fiscal 2011
from $121.8 million in fiscal 2010. The increase in net income in fiscal 2011
was primarily due to a $174.3 million increase in gross profit resulting from
sales growth at existing and additional corporate-owned stores opened during
fiscal 2011 and increasing traffic on our e-commerce website, offset by an
increase of $67.8 million in selling, general and administrative expenses, an
increase of $43.4 million in provision for income taxes, and a $0.4 million
decrease in other income (expense), net.
Seasonality
In fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011, and fiscal 2010, we recognized a significant amount
of our net revenue in the fourth quarter due to significant increases in sales
during the holiday season. We recognized 35%, 37%, and 36% of our full year
gross profit in the fourth quarter in fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010,
respectively. Despite the fact that we have experienced a significant amount of
our net revenue and gross profit in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year, we
believe that the true extent of the seasonality or cyclical nature of our
business may have been overshadowed by our rapid growth to date. As our expected
growth rate slows, we believe that we will experience fourth quarter gross
profits as a percentage of full year gross profits as high, or higher, than in
the current year.
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The level of our working capital reflects the seasonality of our business. We
expect inventory, accounts payable and accrued expenses to be higher in the
third and fourth quarters in preparation for the holiday selling season. Because
our products are sold primarily through our stores, order backlog is not
material to our business.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are our current balances of cash and cash
equivalents, cash flows from operations and borrowings available under our
revolving credit facility. Our primary cash needs are capital expenditures for
opening new stores and remodeling existing stores, making information technology
system enhancements and funding working capital requirements. Cash and cash
equivalents in excess of our needs are held in interest bearing accounts with
financial institutions.
As of February 3, 2013, our working capital (excluding cash and cash
equivalents) was $63.5 million and our cash and cash equivalents were
$590.2 million.
The following table summarizes our net cash flows provided by and used in
operating, investing and financing activities for the periods indicated:
Fiscal Year Ended
February 3, January 29, January 30,
2013 2012 2011
(In thousands)
Total cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities $ 280,113 $ 203,615 $ 179,995
Investing activities (93,229 ) (122,311 ) (42,839 )
Financing activities (5,491 ) 15,364 13,699
Effect of exchange rate changes (651 ) (3,517 ) 5,858
Increase in cash and cash equivalents $ 180,742 $ 93,151 $ 156,713
Operating Activities
Operating Activities consist primarily of net income adjusted for certain
non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization, deferred income taxes,
realized gains and losses on disposal of property and equipment, stock-based
compensation expense and the effect of the changes in non-cash working capital
items, principally accounts receivable, inventories, accounts payable and
accrued expenses.
In fiscal 2012, cash provided by operating activities increased $76.5 million,
to $280.1 million compared to cash provided by operating activities of
$203.6 million in fiscal 2011. The increase was primarily a result of increased
net income, an increase in items not affecting cash, and an increase in income
taxes payable, offset by decreased accounts payable. The net increase in items
not affecting cash was primarily due to an increase in depreciation and
amortization related to our increased store base, and an increase in stock-based
compensation.
Depreciation and amortization relate almost entirely to leasehold improvements,
furniture and fixtures, computer hardware and software, equipment and vehicles
in our stores and other corporate buildings.
Depreciation and amortization increased $12.7 million to $43.0 million in fiscal
2012 from $30.3 million in fiscal 2011. Depreciation for our corporate-owned
store segment was $27.5 million, $18.5 million, and $15.6 million in fiscal
2012, fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010, respectively. Depreciation for our direct to
consumer segment was $3.4 million, $2.4 million and $0.2 million in fiscal 2012,
fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010, respectively. Depreciation related to corporate
activities was $12.1 million, $9.4 million, and $8.8 million fiscal 2012, fiscal
2011 and fiscal 2010, respectively. We have not allocated any depreciation to
our other segment as these amounts to date have been immaterial.
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Investing Activities
Investing Activities relate entirely to capital expenditures and acquisitions of
franchises.
Cash used in investing activities decreased $29.1 million, to $93.2 million in
fiscal 2012 from $122.3 million in fiscal 2011. Capital expenditures for our
corporate-owned stores segment were $64.9 million in fiscal 2012 which included
$29.8 million to open 37 corporate-owned stores and $10.9 million to purchase
the land and buildings of two of our corporate-owned stores, and $34.1 million
in fiscal 2011 which included $21.9 million to open 41 corporate-owned stores.
The remaining capital expenditures for our corporate-owned stores segment in
each period were for ongoing store refurbishment. Capital expenditures for our
direct to consumer segment were $4.9 million and $6.7 in fiscal 2012 and fiscal
2011, respectively. Capital expenditures related to corporate activities and
administration were $23.5 million and $76.1 million in fiscal 2012 and fiscal
2011, respectively. The decrease in capital expenditures related to corporate
activities and administration compared to fiscal 2011 was primarily due to the
purchase of our principal executive and administrative offices for $65.1 million
plus acquisition-related costs in fiscal 2011. The capital expenditures in each
period for corporate activities and administration were for improvements at our
head office and other corporate buildings as well as investments in information
technology and business systems.
Capital expenditures are expected to range between $90 million to $95 million in
fiscal 2013, including approximately $30 million for approximately 43 new stores
and the remainder reflecting renovation capital for existing stores, information
technology enhancements and other corporate activities.
Financing Activities
Financing Activities consist primarily of cash received on the exercise of stock
options, excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation and cash paid to
acquire the remaining non-controlling interest in Australia. Cash provided by
financing activities decreased $20.9 million, to cash used of $5.5 million in
fiscal 2012 from cash provided of $15.4 million in fiscal 2011. The cash used in
financing activities for fiscal 2012 included $26.0 million for the purchase of
the non-controlling interest in lululemon australia.
We believe that our cash from operations and borrowings available to us under
our revolving credit facility will be adequate to meet our liquidity needs and
capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 24 months. Our cash from
operations may be negatively impacted by a decrease in demand for our products
as well as the other factors described in "Risk Factors." In addition, we may
make discretionary capital improvements with respect to our stores, distribution
facilities, headquarters, or other systems, which we would expect to fund
through the issuance of debt or equity securities or other external financing
sources to the extent we were unable to fund such capital expenditures out of
our cash from operations.
Revolving Credit Facility
In April 2007, we entered into an uncommitted senior secured demand revolving
credit facility with Royal Bank of Canada. The revolving credit facility
provides us with available borrowings in an amount up to CDN$20.0 million. The
revolving credit facility must be repaid in full on demand and is available by
way of prime loans in Canadian currency, U.S. base rate loans in U.S. currency,
bankers' acceptances, LIBOR based loans in U.S. currency or Euro currency,
letters of credit in Canadian currency or U.S. currency and letters of guaranty
in Canadian currency or U.S. currency. The revolving credit facility bears
interest on the outstanding balance in accordance with the following: (i) prime
rate for prime loans; (ii) U.S. base rate for U.S. based loans; (iii) a fee of
1.125% per annum on bankers' acceptances; (iv) LIBOR plus 1.125% per annum for
LIBOR based loans; (v) a 1.125% annual fee for letters of credit; and (vi) a
1.125% annual fee for letters of guaranty. Both lululemon usa inc. and lululemon
FC USA inc., Inc. provided Royal Bank of Canada with guarantees and
postponements of claims in the amounts of CDN$20.0 million with respect to
lululemon athletica canada inc.'s obligations under the revolving credit
facility. The revolving credit facility is also secured by all of our present
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and after acquired personal property, including all intellectual property and
all of the outstanding shares we own in our subsidiaries. As of February 3,
2013, aside from the letters of credit and guarantees, we had $nil in borrowings
outstanding under this credit facility.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Leases. We lease certain corporate-owned store locations, storage spaces,
building and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. Our leases
generally have initial terms of between five and 10 years, and generally can be
extended only in five-year increments, if at all. Our leases expire at various
dates between one and 10 years, excluding extensions at our option. A
substantial number of our leases for corporate-owned store premises include
renewal options and certain of our leases include rent escalation clauses, rent
holidays and leasehold rental incentives, none of which are reflected in the
following table. Most of our leases for corporate-owned store premises also
include contingent rental payments based on sales volume, the impact of which
also are not reflected in the following table. The following table summarizes
our contractual arrangements as of February 3, 2013, and the timing and effect
that such commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in
future periods:
Payments Due by Fiscal Year
Total 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Thereafter
(In thousands)Operating Leases (minimum rent) $ 302,893 $ 57,691 $ 56,920 $ 53,195 $ 47,712 $ 37,192 $ 50,183
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We enter into documentary letters of credit to facilitate the international
purchase of merchandise. We also enter into standby letters of credit to secure
certain of our obligations, including insurance programs and duties related to
import purchases. As of February 3, 2013, letters of credit and letters of
guarantee totaling $1.4 million have been issued.
Other than these standby letters of credit, we do not have any off-balance sheet
arrangements, investments in special purpose entities or undisclosed borrowings
or debt. In addition, we have not entered into any derivative contracts or
synthetic leases.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions. Predicting future events is inherently an imprecise activity and,
as such, requires the use of judgment. Actual results may vary from estimates in
amounts that may be material to the financial statements. An accounting policy
is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based
on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate
is made, and if different estimates that reasonably could have been used or
changes in the accounting estimates that are reasonably likely to occur
periodically, could materially impact our consolidated financial statements.
We believe that the following critical accounting policies affect our more
significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated
financial statements:
Revenue Recognition. Net revenue is comprised of corporate-owned store net
revenue, direct to consumer sales through www.lululemon.com, www.ivivva.com and
other country and region specific websites, and other net revenue, which
includes, franchise royalties as well as sales of products to franchisees, sales
to wholesale accounts, warehouse sales and sales from company-operated
showrooms, in each case, net of an estimated allowance for sales returns and
discounts. Sales to customers through corporate-owned stores and
company-operated showrooms are recognized at the point of sale, net of an
estimated allowance for sales returns. Direct to consumer sales are recognized
when goods are shipped and collection is reasonably assured, net of an estimated
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allowance for sales returns. Other net revenue related to franchise royalties
are recognized when earned, in accordance with the terms of the
franchise/license agreements. Royalties are based on a percentage of the
franchisees' sales and recognized when those sales occur. Other net revenue
related to warehouse sales is recognized when these sales occur. Amounts billed
to customers for shipping and handling are recognized at the time of shipment.
Sales are reported on a net revenue basis, which is computed by deducting from
our gross sales the amount of sales taxes, actual product returns received,
discounts and an amount established for anticipated sales returns. Our estimated
allowance for sales returns is a subjective critical estimate that has a direct
impact on reported net revenue. This allowance is calculated based on a history
of actual returns, estimated future returns and any significant future known or
anticipated events. Consideration of these factors results in an estimated
allowance for sales returns. Our standard terms for retail sales limit returns
to approximately 14 days after the sale of the merchandise. For our wholesale
sales, we allow returns from our wholesale customers if properly requested and
approved. Employee discounts are classified as a reduction of net revenue.
Revenue from our gift cards are recognized when tendered for payment, or upon
redemption. Outstanding customer balances are included in "Unredeemed gift card
liability" on the consolidated balance sheets. There are no expiration dates on
our gift cards, and lululemon does not charge any service fees that cause a
decrement to customer balances.
While we will continue to honor all gift cards presented for payment, management
may determine the likelihood of redemption to be remote for certain card
balances due to, among other things, long periods of inactivity. In these
circumstances, to the extent management determines there is no requirement for
remitting card balances to government agencies under unclaimed property laws,
card balances may be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in
"Net revenue."
Inventory. Inventory is valued at the lower of cost and market. Cost is
determined using weighted-average costs. For finished goods, market is defined
as net realizable value, and for raw materials, market is defined as replacement
cost. Cost of inventories includes acquisition and production costs including
raw material and labor, as applicable, and all costs incurred to deliver
inventory to our distribution centers including freight, non-refundable taxes,
duty and other landing costs.
We periodically review our inventories and make provisions as necessary to
appropriately value obsolete or damaged goods. The amount of the provision is
equal to the difference between the book cost of the inventory and its estimated
market value based upon assumptions about future demands, selling prices and
market conditions. In addition, as part of inventory valuations, we provide for
inventory shrinkage based on historical trends from actual physical inventories.
Inventory shrinkage estimates are made to reduce the inventory value for lost or
stolen items. We perform physical inventory counts throughout the year and
adjust the shrink provision accordingly. In fiscal 2012, we wrote-off $6.4
million of inventory and in fiscal 2011 we wrote-off $3.1 million of inventory.
Property and Equipment. Property and equipment are recorded at cost less
accumulated depreciation. Direct internal and external costs related to software
used for internal purposes which are incurred during the application development
stage or for upgrades that add functionality are capitalized. All other costs
related to internal use software are expensed as incurred. Buildings are
amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected useful life of the asset,
which ranges from 10 to 20 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a
straight-line basis over the lesser of the length of the lease, without
consideration of option renewal periods and the estimated useful life of the
assets, up to a maximum of five years. All other property and equipment are
amortized using the declining balance method as follows:
Furniture and fixtures 20 %
Computer hardware and software 30 %
Equipment and vehicles 30 %
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We recognize a liability for the fair value of a required asset retirement
obligation, or ARO, when such obligation is incurred. Our AROs are primarily
associated with leasehold improvements which, at the end of a lease, we are
contractually obligated to remove in order to comply with the lease agreement.
At the inception of a lease with such conditions, we record an ARO liability and
a corresponding capital asset in an amount equal to the estimated fair value of
the obligation. The liability is estimated based on a number of assumptions
requiring management's judgment, including store closing costs, cost inflation
rates and discount rates, and is accreted to its projected future value over
time. The capitalized asset is depreciated using the convention for depreciation
of leasehold improvement assets. Upon satisfaction of the ARO conditions, any
difference between the recorded ARO liability and the actual retirement costs
incurred is recognized as an operating gain or loss in the consolidated
statements of operations.
We recognize a liability for a cost associated with a lease exit activity when
such obligation is incurred. A lease exit activity is measured initially at its
fair value in the period in which the liability is incurred. We estimate fair
value at the cease-use date of its operating leases as the remaining lease
rentals, reduced by estimated sublease rentals that could be reasonably obtained
for the property, even where we does not intend to enter into a sublease.
Estimating the cost of certain lease exit costs involves subjective assumptions,
including the time it would take to sublease the leased location and the related
potential sublease income. The estimated accruals for these costs could be
significantly affected if future experience differs from that used in the
initial estimate. Lease exit costs are included in provision for impairment and
lease exit costs.
Long-Lived Assets. Long-lived assets, including intangible assets with finite
useful lives, held for use are evaluated for impairment when the occurrence of
events or changes in circumstances indicates that the carrying value of the
assets may not be recoverable as measured by comparing their net book value to
the estimated future cash flows generated by their use and eventual disposition.
Impaired assets are recorded at fair value, determined principally by the
estimated future cash flows expected from their use and eventual disposition.
Reductions in asset values resulting from impairment valuations are recognized
in income in the period that the impairment is determined. Long-lived assets,
including intangible assets with finite useful lives, held for sale are reported
at the lower of the carrying value of the asset and fair value less cost to
sell. Any write-downs to reflect fair value less selling cost is recognized in
income when the asset is classified as held for sale. Gains or losses on assets
held for sale and asset dispositions are included in provision for impairment
and lease exit costs.
Income Taxes. We follow the liability method with respect to accounting for
income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on
temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets
and liabilities. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using
enacted tax rates that are expected to be in effect when these differences are
anticipated to reverse. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by a valuation
allowance, if based on the weight of available positive and negative evidence,
it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets
will not be realized.
The recognition of a deferred income tax asset is based upon several assumptions
and management forecasts, including current and proposed tax legislation,
current and anticipated taxable income, utilization of previously unrealized
non-operating loss carry forwards and regulatory reviews of tax filings. Given
the judgments and estimates required and the sensitivity of the results to the
significant assumptions used, we believe the accounting estimates used in
relation to the recognition of deferred income tax assets are subject to
measurement uncertainty and are susceptible to a material change if the
underlying assumptions change.
For financial reporting purposes, we generally provide taxes at the rate
applicable for the appropriate tax jurisdiction. Because our present intention
is to reinvest the unremitted earnings in our foreign operations, we do not
provide U.S. income taxes on unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries.
Management periodically assesses the need to utilize these unremitted earnings
to finance our foreign operations. This assessment is based on cash flow
projections that are the result of estimates of future production, fiscal
requirements by tax jurisdiction of our operations and operational and fiscal
objectives by tax jurisdiction for our operations. Such estimates are inherently
imprecise since many assumptions utilized in the cash flow projections are
subject to revision in the future.
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We file income tax returns in the United States, Canada and various foreign and
state jurisdictions. The 2011 and 2012 tax years remain subject to examination
by the U.S. federal and state tax authorities. The 2008 tax year is still open
for certain state tax authorities. The 2008 to 2012 tax years remain subject to
examination by tax authorities in certain foreign jurisdictions. Our policy is
to recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as a
selling, general and administrative expense. At February 3, 2013, we do not have
any significant accruals for interest related to unrecognized tax benefits or
tax penalties. Our intercompany transfer pricing policies are currently subject
to audits by various foreign tax jurisdictions. Although we believe that our
intercompany transfer pricing policies and tax positions are reasonable, the
final determination of tax audits or potential tax disputes may be materially
different from that which is reflected in our income tax provisions and
accruals.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets. Intangible assets are recorded at cost.
Non-competition agreements are amortized on a straight-line basis over their
estimated useful life of five years. Reacquired franchise rights are amortized
on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 10 years. Goodwill
represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair market value of
identifiable net assets acquired and is not amortized. Goodwill and intangible
assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually or more
frequently when an event or circumstance indicates that goodwill or indefinite
useful live intangible assets might be impaired. We use our best estimates and
judgment based on available evidence in conducting the impairment testing. When
the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in
an amount equal to the excess of the carrying value over its fair market value.
Stock-Based Compensation. We account for stock-based compensation using the fair
value method. The fair value of awards granted is estimated at the date of grant
and recognized as employee compensation expense on a straight-line basis over
the requisite service period with the offsetting credit to additional paid-in
capital. Our calculation of stock-based compensation requires us to make a
number of complex and subjective estimates and assumptions, including future
forfeitures, stock price volatility, expected life of the options and related
tax effects. The estimation of stock awards that will ultimately vest requires
judgment, and to the extent actual results differ from our estimates, such
amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period estimates are
revised. We consider several factors when estimating expected forfeitures, such
as types of awards, size of option holder group and anticipated employee
retention. Actual results may differ substantially from these estimates.
Expected volatility of the stock is based on our review of companies we believe
of similar growth and maturity and our peer group in the industry in which we do
business because we do not have sufficient historical volatility data for our
own stock. The expected term of options granted is derived from the output of
the option valuation model and represents the period of time that options
granted are expected to be outstanding. In the future, as we gain historical
data for volatility in our own stock and the actual term employees hold our
options, expected volatility and expected term may change which could
substantially change the grant-date fair value of future awards of stock options
and, ultimately, the expense we record. For awards with service and/or
performance conditions, the total amount of compensation expense to be
recognized is based on the number of awards that are expected to vest and is
adjusted to reflect those awards that do ultimately vest. For awards with
performance conditions, we recognize the compensation expense over the requisite
service period as determined by a range of probability weighted outcomes. For
awards with market and or performance conditions, all compensation expense is
recognized if it is probable that the underlying market or performance
conditions will be fulfilled.
40
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