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WILLIAMS PARTNERS L.P. - 10-K - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Edgar Glimpses Via Acquire Media NewsEdge) General
We are primarily an energy infrastructure company focused on connecting North
America's significant hydrocarbon resource plays to growing markets for natural
gas and natural gas liquids (NGLs). We manage our business and analyze our
results of operations on a segment basis. Our operations are divided into two
business segments: Gas Pipeline and Midstream Gas & Liquids (Midstream).
• Gas Pipeline includes Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC
(Transco) and Northwest Pipeline GP (Northwest Pipeline), which own and
operate interstate natural gas pipelines. Gas Pipeline also holds
interests in interstate and intrastate natural gas pipeline systems
including a 50 percent interest in Gulfstream Natural Gas System L.L.C.
(Gulfstream) and a 51 percent interest in Constitution Pipeline Company,
LLC (Constitution).
• Midstream is comprised primarily of significant, large-scale operations in
the Rocky Mountain and Gulf Coast regions, operations in the Marcellus
Shale region, and various equity investments in domestic natural gas
gathering and processing assets and NGL fractionation and transportation
assets. Midstream's assets also include substantial operations and
investments in the Four Corners region, the Piceance basin, an NGL
fractionator and storage facilities near Conway, Kansas as well as an interest and operatorship of an olefins production facility in Geismar,
Louisiana along with a refinery grade propylene splitter and pipelines in
the Gulf Coast region. Midstream's interest and operatorship of the
olefins production facility in Geismar, Louisiana and associated assets is
a result of a fourth-quarter 2012 acquisition from a subsidiary of The
Williams Companies, Inc. (Williams).
Williams currently holds an approximate 70 percent interest in us, comprised of
an approximate 68 percent limited partner interest and all of our 2 percent
general partner interest.
Acquisitions
In February 2012, we completed the acquisition of 100 percent of the ownership
interests in certain entities from Delphi Midstream Partners, LLC (Laser
Acquisition). These entities primarily own the Laser Gathering System, which is
comprised of 33 miles of 16-inch natural gas pipeline and associated gathering
facilities in the Marcellus Shale in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, as well
as 10 miles of gathering lines in southern New York. This acquisition represents
a strategic platform to enhance our expansion in the Marcellus Shale by
providing our customers with both operational flow assurance and marketing
flexibility. (See Results of Operations - Segments, Midstream Gas & Liquids.)
In April 2012, we completed the acquisition of 100 percent of the ownership
interest in Caiman Eastern Midstream, LLC (Caiman Acquisition). The acquired
entity operates a gathering and processing business in northern West Virginia,
southwestern Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio. We believe the acquisition will
provide us with a significant footprint and growth potential in the NGL-rich
portion of the Marcellus Shale. (See Results of Operations - Segments, Midstream
Gas & Liquids.)
In November 2012, we completed the acquisition of Williams' 83.3 percent
undivided interest and operatorship of the olefins production facility located
in Geismar, Louisiana, along with a refinery-grade propylene splitter and
pipelines in the Gulf region (Geismar Acquisition), for total consideration
valued at $2.364 billion, including 42,778,812 of our limited partner units, $25
million in cash and an increase in the general partner capital account to
maintain Williams' 2 percent general partner interest. The acquisition is
expected to bring more certainty to cash flows that are currently exposed to
volatile ethane prices by shifting the commodity price exposure to ethylene.
Prior period segment disclosures have been recast for this transaction. (See
Results of Operations - Segments, Midstream Gas & Liquids.)
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Distributions
In January 2013, our general partner's Board of Directors approved a quarterly
distribution to unitholders of $0.8275 per unit, an increase of approximately
2.5 percent over the prior quarter and 8.5 percent over the same period in the
prior year. (See Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Liquidity.)
Overview
During the second quarter 2012, NGL margins declined sharply largely
attributable to a record-warm winter, a slowing global economy, and growing NGL
supplies. The downward trend of per-unit NGL margins leveled-off during the
second-half of 2012. We have been impacted by this environment as our net income
for 2012 decreased by $279 million compared to 2011, primarily due to lower NGL
production and marketing margins, higher operating costs and selling, general,
and administrative expenses (SG&A), partially offset by an increase in fee
revenues and olefin production margins. See additional discussion in Results of
Operations.
Our net cash provided by operating activities for 2012 decreased $272 million
compared to 2011 primarily due to lower operating income.
Abundant and low-cost natural gas reserves in the United States continue to
drive strong demand for midstream and pipeline infrastructure. We believe that
we have successfully positioned our energy infrastructure businesses for
significant future growth, as highlighted by the following accomplishments
during 2012 through the present:
Recent Events
In addition to the previously discussed acquisitions, we note the following:
• In February 2012, we announced a new interstate gas pipeline project. The
new 120-mile Constitution Pipeline will connect our gathering system in
Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, to the Iroquois Gas Transmission and
Tennessee Gas Pipeline systems. We currently own 51 percent of Constitution
Pipeline with two other parties holding 25 percent and 24 percent,
respectively. This project, along with the newly acquired Laser Gathering
System and our Springville pipeline, are key steps in our strategy to
create the Susquehanna Supply Hub, a major natural gas supply hub in
northeastern Pennsylvania. In April 2012, we began the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) pre-filing process for the Constitution
Pipeline and expect to file a FERC application during the second quarter of
2013.
• In April 2012, we completed an equity issuance of 10 million common units
representing limited partner interests in us at a price of $54.56 per unit.
Subsequently, we sold an additional 973,368 common units for $54.56 per
unit to the underwriters upon the underwriters' exercise of their option to
purchase additional common units. Also in April 2012, we sold 16,360,133
common units to Williams for $1 billion. The net proceeds of these
transactions were used for general partnership purposes, including funding
a portion of the cash purchase price of the Caiman Acquisition.
• In July 2012, Transco issued $400 million of 4.45 percent senior unsecured
notes due 2042 to investors in a private debt placement. A portion of these
proceeds was used to repay Transco's $325 million 8.875 percent senior
unsecured notes that matured on July 15, 2012. An offer to exchange these
unregistered notes for substantially identical new notes that are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, was commenced in
November 2012 and completed in December 2012.
• In July 2012, we formed Caiman Energy II, LLC with Caiman Energy, LLC and others to develop large-scale natural gas gathering and processing and the
associated liquids infrastructure serving oil and gas producers in the
Utica shale, primarily in Ohio and northwest Pennsylvania. As a result, we
plan to contribute $380 million through 2014 to fund a portion of Blue
Racer Midstream, a joint project formed in December 2012 between Caiman
Energy II, LLC and another party.
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• Following Williams' spin-off of WPX Energy, Inc. (WPX) at the end of 2011
and in consideration of the growth plans of the ongoing business, Williams
initiated an organizational restructuring evaluation to better align
resources to support an ongoing business strategy to provide large-scale
energy infrastructure designed to maximize the opportunities created by the
vast supply of natural gas, natural gas products, and crude oil that exists
in North America. This effort has resulted in changes in our organizational
structure effective January 1, 2013 and, thus, how our underlying
businesses will be managed. As a result, our segment reporting structure
will change beginning in 2013.
• In August 2012, we completed an equity issuance of 8,500,000 common units
representing limited partner interests in us at a price of $51.43 per unit.
Subsequently, we sold an additional 1,275,000 common units for $51.43 per
unit to the underwriters upon the underwriters' exercise of their option to
purchase additional common units. The net proceeds of these transactions
were primarily used to repay outstanding borrowings on our senior unsecured
revolving credit facility (revolver).
• In August 2012, we completed a public offering of $750 million of 3.35 percent senior unsecured notes due 2022. We used the net proceeds to repay
outstanding borrowings on our revolver and for general partnership
purposes.
• In January 2013, we agreed to sell a 49 percent ownership interest in our
Gulfstar FPS™ project to a third party. The transaction is expected to
close in second-quarter 2013, at which time we expect the third party will
contribute $225 million to fund its proportionate share of the project
costs, following with monthly capital contributions to fund its share of
ongoing construction.
Outlook for 2013
Our strategy is to provide large-scale energy infrastructure designed to
maximize the opportunities created by the vast supply of natural gas, natural
gas products, and crude oil that exists in North America. We seek to accomplish
this through further developing our scale positions in current key markets and
basins and entering new growth markets and basins where we can become the
large-scale service provider. We will maintain a strong commitment to
operational excellence and customer satisfaction. We believe that accomplishing
these goals will position us to deliver an attractive return to our unitholders.
Fee-based businesses are a significant component of our portfolio. As we
continue to transition to an overall business mix that is increasingly
fee-based, the influence of commodity price fluctuations on our operating
results and cash flows is expected to become somewhat less significant.
In light of the above, our business plan for 2013 continues to reflect both
significant capital investment and growth in distributions. Our planned capital
investments for 2013 total approximately $3.75 billion, of which we expect to
fund a significant portion through debt and equity issuances. We expect to
maintain an attractive cost of capital and reliable access to capital markets,
both of which will allow us to pursue development projects and acquisitions.
Potential risks and obstacles that could impact the execution of our plan
include:
• General economic, financial markets, or industry downturn;
• Availability of capital;
• Lower than expected levels of cash flow from operations;
• Counterparty credit and performance risk;
• Decreased volumes from third parties served by our midstream business;
• Unexpected significant increases in capital expenditures or delays in
capital project execution;
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• Lower than anticipated energy commodity prices and margins;
• Changes in the political and regulatory environments;
• Physical damages to facilities, especially damage to offshore facilities by
named windstorms.
We continue to address these risks through maintaining a strong financial
position and ample liquidity, as well as managing a diversified portfolio of
energy infrastructure assets.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. We
have reviewed the selection, application, and disclosure of these critical
accounting estimates with our general partner's Audit Committee. We believe that
the nature of these estimates and assumptions is material due to the
subjectivity and judgment necessary, or the susceptibility of such matters to
change, and the impact of these on our financial condition or results of
operations.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
At December 31, 2012, our Consolidated Balance Sheet includes $649 million of
goodwill and $1.7 billion in intangible assets related to the Laser and Caiman
Acquisitions, which were completed earlier in the year.
Goodwill
We performed our annual assessment of goodwill for impairment as of October 1.
All of our goodwill is allocated to our Northeast gathering and processing
businesses (the reporting unit). In our evaluation, our estimate of the fair
value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value, including goodwill, and
thus no impairment was recognized. If the carrying value of the reporting unit
had exceeded its fair value, a computation of the implied fair value of the
goodwill would have been compared with its related carrying value. If the
carrying value of the reporting unit goodwill had exceeded the implied fair
value of that goodwill, an impairment loss would have been recognized in the
amount of the excess.
The fair value of the reporting unit was estimated using an income approach
(discounted cash flows). Significant estimates and assumptions in this
determination included our estimate of the expected future cash flows associated
with the underlying operations. These assumptions include projections of future
production volumes and timing, certain energy commodity prices, capital
expenditures and recovery provisions, gathering fees, and operating expenses.
Judgments and assumptions are inherent in our estimate of future cash flows used
to evaluate these assets. The use of alternate judgments and assumptions could
result in a different calculation of fair value, which could ultimately result
in the recognition of an impairment charge in the consolidated financial
statements. Our calculation of fair value used a discount rate of 11.25 percent.
We estimate that an increase of approximately 250 basis points in the discount
rate could result in a fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying
value, all other variables held constant.
Other intangible assets
We evaluate other intangible assets for both changes in the expected remaining
useful lives and impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate, in
our management's judgment, that the estimated useful lives have changed or the
carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Changes in an estimated
remaining useful life would be reflected prospectively through amortization over
the revised remaining useful life. When an indicator of impairment has occurred,
we compare our management's estimate of undiscounted future cash flows
attributable to the intangible assets to the carrying value of the assets to
determine whether an impairment has occurred and we apply a probability-weighted
approach to consider the likelihood of different cash flow assumptions and
possible outcomes. If an impairment of the carrying value has occurred, we
determine the amount of the impairment
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recognized in the financial statements by estimating the fair value of the
assets and recording a loss for the amount that the carrying value exceeds the
estimated fair value. Indicators of potential impairment may include:
• Laws prohibiting the production of reserves in the areas where our assets
from the Laser and Caiman Acquisitions operate;
• The development of alternative energy sources that would halt the
production of reserves in these areas; or
• The loss of or failure to renew customer contracts. A significant portion
of the value allocated to these contracts in our purchase price allocation
was based on our assumptions regarding our ability and intent to renew or
renegotiate existing customer contracts. (See Note 2 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.)
We have not evaluated our intangible assets for impairment as of December 31,
2012, as there were no indicators of potential impairment.
Equity-method Investments
At December 31, 2012, our Consolidated Balance Sheet includes approximately $1.8
billion of investments that are accounted for under the equity method of
accounting. We evaluate these investments for impairment when events or changes
in circumstances indicate, in our management's judgment, that the carrying value
of such investments may have experienced an other-than-temporary decline in
value. When evidence of loss in value has occurred, we compare our estimate of
fair value of the investment to the carrying value of the investment to
determine whether an impairment has occurred. We generally estimate the fair
value of our investments using an income approach where significant judgments
and assumptions include expected future cash flows and the appropriate discount
rate. In some cases, we may utilize a form of market approach to estimate the
fair value of our investments.
If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value and we consider the
decline in value to be other-than-temporary, the excess of the carrying value
over the fair value is recognized in the consolidated financial statements as an
impairment charge. Events or changes in circumstances that may be indicative of
an other-than-temporary decline in value will vary by investment, but may
include:
• Lower than expected cash distributions from investees;
• Significant asset impairments or operating losses recognized by investees;
• Significant delays in or lack of producer development or significant
declines in producer volumes in markets served by investees; and,
• Significant delays in or failure to complete significant growth projects of investees.
No impairments of investments accounted for under the equity method have been
recorded for the year ended December 31, 2012.
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Results of Operations
Consolidated Overview
The following table and discussion is a summary of our consolidated results of
operations for the three years ended December 31, 2012. The results of
operations by segment are discussed in further detail following this
consolidated overview discussion.
Years Ended December 31,
$ Change % Change $ Change % Change
from from from from
2012 2011* 2011* 2011 2010* 2010* 2010
(Millions)
Revenues:
Service revenues $ 2,709 +192 +8% $ 2,517 +171 +7% $ 2,346
Product sales 4,611 -586 -11% 5,197 +1,084 +26% 4,113
Total revenues 7,320 7,714 6,459
Costs and expenses:
Product costs 3,526 +425 +11% 3,951 -728 -23% 3,223
Operating and maintenance expenses 987 -39 -4% 948 -111 -13% 837
Depreciation and amortization expenses 714 -93 -15% 621 -43 -7% 578
Selling, general, and administrative
expenses 553 -147 -36% 406 +2 - 408
Other (income) expense - net 23 -10 -77% 13 -27 NM (14 )
Total costs and expenses 5,803 5,939 5,032
Operating income 1,517 1,775 1,427
Equity earnings (losses) 111 -31 -22% 142 +33 +30% 109
Interest expense (405 ) +10 +2% (415 ) -51 -14% (364 )
Interest income 3 +1 +50% 2 -2 -50% 4
Other income (expense) - net 6 -1 -14% 7 -5 -42% 12
Net income 1,232 1,511 1,188
Less: Net income attributable to
noncontrolling interests - - - - +16 +100% 16
Net income attributable to
controlling interests $ 1,232 $ 1,511 $ 1,172
* + = Favorable change; - = Unfavorable change; NM = A percentage calculation is
not meaningful due to a change in signs, a zero-value denominator, or a
percentage change greater than 200.
2012 vs. 2011
The increase in service revenues is primarily due to Midstream's higher fee
revenues resulting from increased gathering and processing fee revenues from
higher volumes in the Marcellus Shale, including new volumes on our recently
acquired gathering and processing assets in our Ohio Valley Midstream and
Susquehanna Supply Hub businesses and higher volumes in the western deepwater
Gulf of Mexico and in the Piceance basin. Additionally, Gas Pipeline's
transportation revenues increased from expansion projects placed into service in
2011 and 2012.
The decrease in product sales is primarily due to Midstream's lower NGL and
olefin production revenues reflecting an overall decrease in average per-unit
sales prices. Marketing revenues also decreased primarily due to significant
decreases in NGL and olefin prices, partially offset by higher NGL and crude
volumes, as well as new volumes from natural gas marketing activities.
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The decrease in product costs is primarily due to lower olefins feedstock costs
reflecting a decrease in average per-unit prices and lower costs associated with
the production of NGLs primarily due to a decrease in average natural gas prices
at Midstream. Midstream's marketing purchases also decreased primarily resulting
from significantly lower average NGL prices, partially offset by higher NGL and
crude volumes, as well as new volumes from natural gas marketing activities.
The increase in operating and maintenance expenses is primarily due to Gas
Pipeline's increased employee-related benefit costs and increased pipeline
maintenance as well as Midstream's increased maintenance expenses primarily
associated with its new assets acquired in 2012, partially offset by lower costs
in our Four Corners area related to the consolidation of certain operations.
The increase in depreciation and amortization expenses is primarily associated
with Midstream's new assets acquired in 2012 (see Note 2 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements).
The increase in SG&A is primarily due to an increase of $71 million at Midstream
reflecting $23 million of acquisition and transition-related costs as well as
higher employee-related and information technology expenses driven by general
growth within Midstream's business operations. Also, general corporate expenses
increased $66 million in 2012 related to our higher proportionate share of these
costs as a result of Williams' spin-off of WPX, which was completed on
December 31, 2011. This increase in general corporate expenses includes $25
million of reorganization-related costs in 2012 primarily relating to Williams'
engagement of a consulting firm to assist in better aligning resources to
support our business strategy following Williams' spin-off of WPX.
The decrease in operating income generally reflects lower NGL production and
marketing margins, as well as previously described increases in operating and
maintenance expenses, depreciation and amortization expenses, and SG&A. Higher
fee revenues and olefin production margins partially offset these decreases.
Equity earnings (losses) decreased primarily due to lower Laurel Mountain
Midstream, LLC (Laurel Mountain), Aux Sable Liquid Products L.P. (Aux Sable) and
Discovery Producer Services LLC (Discovery) equity earnings at Midstream
primarily reflecting lower operating results of these investees and the
impairment of two minor NGL processing plants at Laurel Mountain, partially
offset by an increase in equity earnings at Gas Pipeline primarily resulting
from the acquisition of an additional 24.5 percent interest in Gulfstream in May
2011.
Interest expense decreased due to an increase in interest capitalized related to
construction projects primarily at Midstream, partially offset by an increase in
interest incurred related to increased borrowings (see Note 11 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements).
2011 vs. 2010
The increase in service revenues is primarily due to higher Midstream gathering
and processing fee revenue in the Marcellus Shale related to gathering assets
acquired at the end of 2010, in the western deepwater Gulf of Mexico related to
assets placed into service in late 2010, and in the Piceance basin as a result
of an agreement executed in November 2010. These increases are partially offset
by a decline in fee revenue in the eastern deepwater Gulf of Mexico primarily
due to natural field declines. Gas Pipeline's transportation revenues increased
primarily due to expansion projects placed in service in 2010 and 2011.
The increase in product sales is primarily due to higher marketing and NGL and
olefin production revenues at Midstream as a result of higher average energy
commodity prices, partially offset by a decrease in NGL production volumes.
The increase in product costs is primarily due to increased marketing purchases
and olefin feedstock costs at Midstream primarily resulting from higher average
energy commodity prices. These increases are partially offset by decreased costs
associated with production of NGLs reflecting lower average natural gas prices
and lower NGL production volumes at Midstream.
The increase in operating and maintenance expenses is primarily due to increased
maintenance expenses and higher property insurance expenses at Midstream.
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The increase in depreciation and amortization expenses is primarily due to
assets placed in service late in 2010, along with increased depreciation of a
facility, which was idled in 2012, at Midstream.
The unfavorable change in other (income) expense - net within operating income
primarily reflects:
• $15 million of lower involuntary conversion gains in 2011 as compared to
2010 at Midstream due to insurance recoveries that are in excess of the
carrying value of assets;
• The absence of a $12 million gain in 2010 on the sale of part of our
ownership interest in certain Piceance gathering assets at Midstream;
• $4 million lower sales of base gas from Hester Storage Field in 2011 compared to 2010 at Gas Pipeline.
Partially offsetting the unfavorable change is $8 million related to the net
reversal of project feasibility costs from expense to capital in 2011 at Gas
Pipeline (see Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
The increase in operating income generally reflects an improved energy commodity
price environment in 2011 compared to 2010 and increased fee revenues, partially
offset by higher operating costs and an unfavorable change in other (income)
expense - net as previously discussed.
Equity earnings (losses) changed favorably primarily due to a $21 million
increase from Gulfstream as a result of an increased ownership interest at Gas
Pipeline and a $14 million increase from the 2010 acquisition of an additional
interest in Overland Pass Pipeline Company LLC (OPPL) at Midstream.
The increase in interest expense is primarily due to the $3.5 billion of senior
notes issued in February 2010 and $600 million of senior notes issued in
November 2010. In addition, 2010 project completions at Midstream contributed to
a decrease in interest capitalized.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests decreased due to the merger
with Williams Pipeline Partners L.P., which was completed in the third quarter
of 2010.
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Results of Operations - Segments
Gas Pipeline
Overview
Gas Pipeline's strategy to create value focuses on maximizing the utilization of
our pipeline capacity by providing high quality, low cost transportation of
natural gas to large and growing markets.
Gas Pipeline's interstate transmission and storage activities are subject to
regulation by the FERC and as such, our rates and charges for the transportation
of natural gas in interstate commerce, and the extension, expansion or
abandonment of jurisdictional facilities and accounting, among other things, are
subject to regulation. The rates are established through the FERC's ratemaking
process. Changes in commodity prices and volumes transported have little
near-term impact on revenues because the majority of cost of service is
recovered through firm capacity reservation charges in transportation rates.
Significant events of 2012 include:
Expansion projects
Mid-Atlantic Connector
In July 2011, we received approval from the FERC to expand our existing natural
gas transmission system from North Carolina to markets as far downstream as
Maryland. The capital cost of the project was approximately $60 million. The
project was placed into service in the first quarter of 2013, increasing
capacity by 142 Mdth/d.
Virginia Southside
In December 2012, we filed an application with the FERC to expand our existing
natural gas transmission system from New Jersey to a proposed power station in
Virginia and a delivery point in North Carolina. The capital cost of the project
is estimated to be approximately $300 million. We plan to place the project into
service in September 2015, which is expected to increase capacity by 270 Mdth/d.
Constitution Pipeline
In April 2012, we began the FERC pre-filing process for a new interstate gas
pipeline project. We currently own 51 percent of Constitution Pipeline with two
other parties holding 25 percent and 24 percent, respectively. We will be the
operator of Constitution Pipeline. The new 120-mile Constitution Pipeline will
connect our gathering system in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, to the
Iroquois Gas Transmission and Tennessee Gas Pipeline systems. The total cost of
the entire project is estimated to be $680 million. We plan to place the project
into service in March 2015, with an expected capacity of 650 Mdth/d. The
pipeline is fully subscribed with two shippers. We expect to file a FERC
application during the second quarter of 2013.
Mid-South
In August 2011, we received approval from the FERC to upgrade compressor
facilities and expand our existing natural gas transmission system from Alabama
to markets as far north as North Carolina. The cost of the project is estimated
to be $200 million. We placed the first phase of the project into service in
September 2012, which increased capacity by 95 Mdth/d. We plan to place the
second phase of the project into service in June 2013, which is expected to
increase capacity by an additional 130 Mdth/d.
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Rockaway Delivery Lateral
In January 2013, we filed an application with the FERC to construct a three-mile
offshore lateral to a distribution system in New York. The capital cost of the
project is estimated to be approximately $180 million. We plan to place the
project into service during the second half of 2014, with an expected capacity
of 647 Mdth/d.
Northeast Supply Link
In November 2012, we received approval from the FERC to expand our existing
natural gas transmission system from the Marcellus Shale production region on
the Leidy Line to various delivery points in New York and New Jersey. The cost
of the project is estimated to be $390 million and is expected to increase
capacity by 250 Mdth/d. We plan to place the project into service in November
2013.
Eminence Storage Field Leak
On December 28, 2010, we detected a leak in one of the seven underground natural
gas storage caverns at our Eminence Storage Field in Mississippi. Due to the
leak and related damage to the well at an adjacent cavern, both caverns are out
of service. In addition, two other caverns at the field, which were constructed
at or about the same time as those caverns, have experienced operating problems,
and we have determined that they should also be retired. The event has not
affected the performance of our obligations under our service agreements with
our customers.
In September 2011, we filed an application with the FERC seeking authorization
to abandon these four caverns. In February 2013, the FERC issued an order
approving the abandonment. We estimate the total abandonment costs, which will
be capital in nature, will be approximately $92 million, which is expected to be
spent through the end of 2013. As of December 31, 2012, we have incurred
approximately $69 million in cumulative abandonment costs. This estimate is
subject to change as work progresses and additional information becomes known.
Management considers these costs to be prudent costs incurred in the abandonment
of these caverns and expects to recover these costs, net of insurance proceeds,
in future rate filings. To the extent available, the abandonment costs will be
funded from the ARO Trust. (See Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.)
Outlook for 2013
In addition to the various in-progress expansion projects previously discussed,
we have several other proposed projects to meet customer demands. Subject to
regulatory approvals, construction of some of these projects could begin as
early as 2013. We have planned capital and investment expenditures of $725
million to $825 million in 2013 mainly due to various in-progress expansion
projects discussed above, as well as maintenance of existing facilities,
primarily due to pipeline integrity costs and U. S. Department of Transportation
mandatory requirements.
Filing of rate cases
On August 31, 2012, Transco filed a general rate case with the FERC for an
overall increase in rates. In September 2012, with the exception of certain
rates that reflected a rate decrease, the FERC accepted and suspended our
general rate filing to be effective March 1, 2013, subject to refund and the
outcome of a hearing. We expect that our new rates, although still subject to
refund until the rate case is resolved, will contribute to a modest increase in
revenue in 2013. The specific rates that reflected a rate decrease were
accepted, without suspension, to be effective October 1, 2012 and will not be
subject to refund. The impact of these specific new rates that became effective
October 1, 2012 is expected to reduce revenues by approximately $2 million for
the period from January 1, 2013 until the remaining rates that are currently
suspended become effective on March 1, 2013.
During the first quarter of 2012, Northwest Pipeline filed a Stipulation and
Settlement Agreement with the FERC for an increase in their rates. Northwest
Pipeline received FERC approval during the second quarter of 2012. The new
rates, which as filed are 7.4 percent higher than the formerly applicable rates,
became effective January 1, 2013.
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Year-Over-Year Operating Results
Year ended December 31,
2012 2011 2010
(Millions)
Segment revenues $ 1,674 $ 1,678 $ 1,605
Segment profit $ 677 $ 673 $ 637
2012 vs. 2011
Segment revenues decreased $4 million primarily due to $39 million lower system
management gas sales (offset in product costs) and $4 million lower sales of
base gas from Hester Storage Field. These decreases are substantially offset by
a $40 million increase in transportation revenues associated with expansion
projects placed in service during 2011 and 2012.
Segment costs and expenses increased $6 million, or 1 percent, primarily due to
an $18 million increase in employee-related benefit costs charged to us by
Williams, $13 million increased pipeline maintenance costs, an $11 million
increase in project feasibility costs, $10 million higher depreciation expense
resulting from additional assets placed in service in 2011, and $9 million
higher selling, general and administrative costs, including increases in
information technology services and rental cost. These increases were partially
offset by $39 million lower system management gas costs (offset in segment
revenues), $12 million lower operations and maintenance expense associated with
the Eminence Storage Field leak, and an $8 million increase in the reversal of
project feasibility costs from expense to capital associated with expansion
projects.
Segment profit increased primarily due to the previously described changes and a
$14 million increase in equity earnings primarily due to the acquisition of an
additional interest in Gulfstream in May 2011.
2011 vs. 2010
Segment revenues increased $73 million, or 5 percent, primarily due to a $68
million increase in transportation revenues associated with expansion projects
placed in service during 2010 and 2011, and $17 million higher system management
gas sales (offset in product costs). These increases are partially offset by
$4 million lower sales of base gas from Hester Storage Field.
Segment costs and expenses increased $57 million, or 6 percent, primarily due to
$17 million higher system management gas costs (offset in segment revenues), $17
million increased pipeline maintenance costs, $10 million higher depreciation
expense resulting from additional assets placed in service in 2010 and 2011, and
$10 million increased operations and maintenance expense related to the Eminence
Storage Field leak.
Segment profit increased primarily due to the previously described changes and a
$20 million increase in equity earnings primarily due to the acquisition of an
additional interest in Gulfstream in May 2011.
Midstream Gas & Liquids
Overview of 2012
Midstream's ongoing strategy is to safely and reliably operate large-scale
midstream infrastructure where our assets can be fully utilized and drive low
per-unit costs. We focus on consistently attracting new business by providing
highly reliable service to our customers.
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Significant events during 2012 include the following:
Gulf Olefins production facilities acquisition
In November 2012, we purchased Williams' 83.3 percent undivided interest and
operatorship of the olefins production facility in Geismar, Louisiana, along
with a refinery grade propylene splitter and pipelines in the Gulf region. The
acquisition is expected to bring more certainty to cash flows that are currently
exposed to volatile ethane prices by shifting the commodity price exposure to
ethylene. Located south of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, the Geismar facility is a
light-end NGL cracker with current feedstock volumes of 39,000 barrels per day
(bpd) of ethane and 3,000 bpd of propane and annual production of 1.35 billion
pounds of ethylene. With the benefit of a $350-$400 million expansion under way
and scheduled for completion by late 2013, the facility's annual ethylene
production capacity will grow by 600 million pounds to 1.95 billion pounds.
Along with ethane, propane and ethylene, the Geismar facility also produces
propylene, butadiene, and debutanized aromatic concentrate (DAC). Prior periods
have been recast for this transaction.
In the fourth quarter of 2012, we also completed the construction of a pipeline
which is capable of supplying 12 Mbbls/d of ethane to our Geismar olefins
production facility from Discovery's Paradis fractionator.
Caiman Acquisition
In April 2012, we completed the Caiman Acquisition for consideration valued at
approximately $2.3 billion. The transition of operations is complete.
The acquisition provides us with a significant footprint and growth potential in
the natural gas liquids-rich Ohio River Valley area of the Marcellus Shale. The
existing physical assets that we acquired include a gathering system, two
processing facilities and a fractionator located in northern West Virginia and
establish our new Ohio Valley Midstream business. In addition to the acquisition
cost, we committed a large portion of our 2012 capital expenditures and continue
to commit planned capital expenditures in 2013 and beyond for ongoing expansions
to the gathering system, processing facilities, and fractionator, which are
currently under construction. NGL pipelines are also planned. The assets are
anchored by long-term contracted commitments, including 236,000 dedicated
gathering acres from 10 producers in West Virginia, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.
Several projects were completed in the fourth quarter of 2012 increasing our
gathering, processing and fractionating capacities. The Fort Beeler plant
complex has 320 million cubic feet per day (MMcf/d) of cryogenic processing
capacity currently available with another 200 MMcf/d expected during the first
quarter of 2013. The Moundsville fractionator is now in service with
approximately 13 thousand barrels per day (Mbbls/d) of NGL handling capacity. An
NGL pipeline, connecting the Fort Beeler plant to the Moundsville fractionator
has also been completed and is in service.
Utica Shale infrastructure project
In July 2012, we formed Caiman Energy II, LLC with Caiman Energy, LLC and others
to develop large-scale natural gas gathering and processing and the associated
liquids infrastructure serving oil and gas producers in the Utica shale,
primarily in Ohio and northwest Pennsylvania. As a result, through our 47.5
percent ownership, we plan to contribute $380 million through 2014 to fund a
portion of Blue Racer Midstream, a joint project formed in December 2012 between
Caiman Energy II, LLC and another party.
Susquehanna Supply Hub, northeastern Pennsylvania
In February 2012, we completed the Laser Acquisition for $325 million in cash,
net of cash acquired in the transaction and subject to certain closing
adjustments, and 7,531,381 of our common units valued at $441 million. The
gathering system is comprised of 33 miles of 16-inch natural gas pipeline and
associated gathering facilities in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, as well as
10 miles of gathering pipeline in southern New York. The acquisition is
supported by existing long-term gathering agreements that provide acreage
dedications and volume commitments.
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Our Springville pipeline, a 33-mile, 24-inch diameter natural gas gathering
pipeline, connecting a portion of our gathering assets into the Transco
pipeline, was placed into service in January 2012, and expansions were completed
in the third quarter of 2012 allowing us to deliver approximately 625 MMcf/d
into the Transco pipeline. This new take-away capacity allows full use of
approximately 1.6 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) of capacity from various
compression and dehydration expansion projects to our gathering business in
northeastern Pennsylvania's Marcellus Shale which we acquired at the end of
2010.
As production in the Marcellus increases and expansion projects are completed,
the Susquehanna Supply Hub is expected to reach a natural gas take away capacity
of 3 Bcf/d by 2015, including capacity contributions from the Constitution
Pipeline.
Volume impacts in 2012
Due to third-party NGL pipeline capacity restrictions from our Four Corners
plants beginning in late September and to unfavorable ethane economics in
December, we reduced our recoveries of ethane in our onshore plants, which
resulted in 7 percent lower NGL equity sales volumes in the fourth quarter of
2012 compared to the third quarter of 2012.
Our NGL equity sales volumes for the third quarter of 2012 were modestly
impacted by maintenance on the Overland Pass Pipeline for approximately 5 days.
As a result of the NGL pipeline maintenance, NGL takeaway capacity from our
western plants on the Overland Pass Pipeline was reduced, which forced our
western plants to reduce NGL recoveries.
In the Gulf Coast, our Mobile Bay plant was shut down for 10 days due to
Hurricane Isaac. The plant and offshore platforms were evacuated during the
storm. Afterwards, the plant remained shut down due to flooding issues on a
third-party pipeline limiting the NGL takeaway capacity. In addition, production
into Devils Tower was shut-in for various time periods due to third-party
hurricane related issues. These events related to Hurricane Isaac did not have a
material impact to our overall NGL production or NGL equity sales.
Volatile commodity prices
Driven primarily by a sharp decline in NGL prices during the second quarter of
2012, followed by increasing natural gas prices in the latter half of 2012,
average per-unit NGL margins declined during 2012 and were approximately 23
percent lower in 2012 than in 2011. Because we typically realize lower per-unit
margins for ethane versus other NGLs, if we had produced the same mix of ethane
and non-ethane NGLs during the fourth quarter of 2012 as we generally have in
prior periods, the average per-unit margin in the fourth quarter of 2012 would
have been lower. Key factors in the NGL market weakness have been high propane
inventories caused by the extremely warm winter and the effect of the propane
oversupply on ethane inventories and pricing. Despite an increase in natural gas
prices during the latter half of 2012, we have benefited from lower natural gas
prices in 2012 than in 2011, driven by abundant natural gas supplies.
NGL margins are defined as NGL revenues less any applicable British thermal unit
(Btu) replacement cost, plant fuel, and third-party transportation and
fractionation. Per-unit NGL margins are calculated based on sales of our own
equity volumes at the processing plants. Our equity volumes include NGLs where
we own the rights to the value from NGLs recovered at our plants under both
"keep-whole" processing agreements, where we have the obligation to replace the
lost heating value with natural gas, and "percent-of-liquids" agreements whereby
we receive a portion of the extracted liquids with no obligation to replace the
lost heating value.
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[[Image Removed: LOGO]]
Outlook for 2013
The following factors, among others, could impact our business in 2013.
Commodity price changes
• We expect a decline in ethane and propane prices and an increase in natural gas prices such that our full year 2013 NGL margins are expected
to be lower than our rolling five-year average and 2012 per-unit NGL
margins. NGL price changes have historically tracked somewhat with changes
in the price of crude oil, although NGL, crude, and natural gas prices are
highly volatile, difficult to predict, and are often not highly
correlated. NGL margins are highly dependent upon continued demand within
the global economy. However, NGL products are currently the preferred
feedstock for ethylene and propylene production, which has been shifting
away from the more expensive crude-based feedstocks.
• While per-unit ethylene margins are volatile and highly dependent upon
continued demand within the global economy, we believe that our average
per-unit ethylene margin will improve over 2012 levels, benefiting from
higher ethylene prices and lower ethane and propane feedstock prices.
Bolstered by abundant long-term domestic natural gas supplies, we expect
to benefit from these dynamics in the broader global petrochemical markets
because of our NGL-based olefins production.
Gathering, processing, and NGL sales volumes
• The growth of natural gas supplies supporting our gathering and processing
volumes are impacted by producer drilling activities, which are influenced
by natural gas prices.
• We anticipate significant growth in our natural gas gathering volumes as
our infrastructure grows to support drilling activities in the Marcellus
Shale region.
• We anticipate equity NGL volumes in 2013 to be lower than 2012 due in part
to a change in a customer's contract in the onshore business from
percent-of-liquids to fee-based processing, with a portion of the fee
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representing a share of the associated NGL margins. We also expect lower
equity NGL volumes due to periods when we expect it will not be economical
to recover ethane. Our expectations of sustained low natural gas prices
are expected to discourage producer drilling activities in the western
onshore area and unfavorably impact the supply of natural gas available to
gather and process in 2013.
• In our businesses in the Gulf Coast, we expect lower production handling and crude transportation volumes compared to 2012, as production flowing
through our Devils Tower facility declines.
• We anticipate higher general and administrative, operating, and depreciation expense supporting our growing operations in the Marcellus
Shale area.
Olefin production volumes
• We expect lower ethylene volumes in 2013 as compared to 2012 primarily due
to major maintenance planned for 2013. With the completion of our Geismar
expansion in the latter part of 2013, as discussed below, we expect growth
in production volumes in the fourth quarter of 2013.
Expansion Projects
We expect to invest total capital of $2.8 billion to $ 3.1 billion in 2013. We
plan to continue pursuing expansion and growth opportunities in the Marcellus
Shale region, Gulf of Mexico, and Piceance basin.
Our ongoing major expansion projects include the following:
• Expansion of our Susquehanna Supply Hub in northeastern Pennsylvania, as
previously discussed.
• Expansions currently under construction to our natural gas gathering system, processing facilities and fractionator in our Ohio Valley
Midstream business of the Marcellus Shale including a third turbo-expander
at our Fort Beeler facility which is expected to add 200 MMcf/d of
processing capacity in the first quarter of 2013. By the end of 2013, we
expect our first turbo-expander at our Oak Grove facility to add 200
MMcf/d of processing capacity and additional fractionation capacity at our
Moundsville fractionators bringing the NGL handling capacity to
approximately 43 Mbbls/d.
• Expansions to our gathering system infrastructure through capital to be
invested within our Laurel Mountain equity investment, also in the
Marcellus Shale region.
• We will design, construct, and install our Gulfstar FPS™, a spar-based
floating production system that utilizes a standard design approach with a
capacity of 60 Mbbls/d of oil, up to 200 MMcf/d of natural gas, and the
capability to provide seawater injection services. We expect Gulfstar FPS™
to be capable of serving as a central host facility for other deepwater
prospects in the area. Construction is underway and the project is
expected to be in service in 2014. In January 2013, we agreed to sell a 49
percent ownership interest in our Gulfstar FPS™ project to a third party.
The transaction is expected to close in second-quarter 2013, at which time
we expect the third party will contribute $225 million to fund its
proportionate share of the project costs, following with monthly capital
contributions to fund its share of ongoing construction.
• In conjunction with a basin-wide agreement for all gathering and processing services provided by us to WPX in the Piceance basin, we plan
to construct a 350 MMcf/d cryogenic natural gas processing plant. The
Parachute TXP I plant is expected to be in service in 2014.
• An expansion of our Geismar olefins production facility is under way which
is expected to increase the facility's ethylene production capacity by
600 million pounds per year to a new annual capacity of 1.95 billion
pounds. The additional capacity will be wholly owned by us and is expected
to increase our share of the Geismar production facility to over 88
percent. We expect to complete the expansion in the latter part of 2013.
• Our equity investee which we operate, Discovery, plans to construct, own,
and operate a new 215-mile, 20-inch deepwater lateral pipeline from a
third-party floating production facility located in the Keathley Canyon
production area in the central deepwater Gulf of Mexico. Discovery has
signed long-term agreements with anchor customers for natural gas
gathering and processing services for production from the
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Keathley Canyon and Green Canyon areas. The Keathley Canyon Connector™
lateral will originate from a third-party floating production facility in
the southeast portion of the Keathley Canyon area and will connect to
Discovery's existing 30-inch offshore natural gas transmission system. The
lateral pipeline is estimated to have the capacity to flow more than 400
MMcf/d and will accommodate the tie-in of other deepwater prospects.
Pre-construction activities have begun; the pipeline is expected to be
laid in 2013 and in service in mid-2014.
• Through our equity investment in OPPL, we are participating in the construction of a pipeline connection and capacity expansions, expected to
be complete in early 2013, to increase the pipeline's capacity to the
maximum of 255 Mbbls/d, to accommodate new volumes coming from the Bakken
Shale in the Williston basin.
Year-Over-Year Operating Results
Years ended December 31,
2012 2011 2010
(Millions)
Segment revenues $ 5,646 $ 6,036 $ 4,854
Segment profit $ 1,135 $ 1,362 $ 1,029
2012 vs. 2011
The decrease in segment revenues includes:
• A $366 million decrease in revenues from our equity NGLs primarily
reflecting a decrease of $354 million associated with an overall 26
percent decrease in average NGL per-unit sales prices. Average ethane and
non-ethane per-unit prices decreased by 49 percent and 15 percent,
respectively.
• A $77 million decrease in olefin sales revenues including $42 million
lower ethylene production sales revenues primarily due to 10 percent lower
average per-unit sales prices and $26 million lower propylene production
sales revenues primarily due to 17 percent lower average per-unit sales
prices.
• Marketing revenues are $93 million lower primarily due to a significant
decrease in NGL and olefin prices, partially offset by higher NGL and
crude volumes, as well as new volumes from natural gas marketing
activities.
• A $163 million increase in fee revenues primarily due to higher volumes in
the Marcellus Shale, including new volumes on our recently acquired
gathering and processing assets in our Ohio Valley Midstream and
Susquehanna Supply Hub businesses; higher volumes in the western deepwater
Gulf of Mexico, including higher volumes on our Perdido Norte natural gas
and oil pipelines; and higher volumes in the Piceance basin.
Segment costs and expenses decreased $208 million, or 4 percent, including:
• A $183 million decrease in olefin feedstock costs including $130 million
lower ethylene feedstock costs driven by 38 percent lower average per-unit
feedstock costs and $28 million lower propylene feedstock costs primarily
due to 20 percent lower per-unit feedstock costs.
• A $137 million decrease in costs associated with our equity NGLs primarily due to a 31 percent decrease in average natural gas prices.
• A $46 million decrease in marketing purchases primarily due to significantly lower average NGL prices, partially offset by higher NGL and
crude volumes, as well as new volumes from natural gas marketing
activities. The changes in natural gas marketing purchases are more than
offset by similar changes in natural gas marketing revenues.
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• A $101 million increase in operating costs including higher depreciation
and amortization of assets and intangibles, along with maintenance costs
associated with assets acquired in 2012, partially offset by lower costs
in our Four Corners area related to the consolidation of certain
operations.
• A $71 million increase in general and administrative expenses including
$23 million of Caiman and Laser acquisition and transition-related costs,
as well as increases in employee-related and information technology
expenses driven by general growth within our business operations.
The decrease in Midstream's segment profit reflects the previously described
changes in segment revenues and segment costs and expenses. A more detailed
analysis of the segment profit of certain Midstream operations is presented as
follows.
The decrease in Midstream's segment profit includes:
• A $229 million decrease in NGL margins driven primarily by commodity price
changes including lower NGL prices, partially offset by lower natural gas
prices.
• A $101 million increase in operating costs as previously discussed.
• A $71 million increase in general and administrative expenses as
previously discussed.
• A $47 million decrease in margins related to the marketing of NGLs
primarily due to the impact of a significant and rapid decline in NGL
prices, primarily during the second quarter of 2012, while product was in transit and a $7 million unfavorable change in write-downs of inventories
to lower of cost or market. These unfavorable variances compare to periods
of increasing prices during 2011.
• A $45 million decrease in equity earnings primarily due to $19 million lower Laurel Mountain equity earnings driven by lower gathering rates
indexed to natural gas prices, higher operating costs, including
depreciation, and the impairment of two minor NGL processing plants,
partially offset by higher gathered volumes; $12 million lower Aux Sable
equity earnings primarily due to lower NGL margins; and $12 million lower
Discovery equity earnings primarily due to lower NGL margins and volumes.
• A $163 million increase in fee revenues as previously discussed.
• A $106 million increase in olefin product margins including $88 million
higher ethylene production margins primarily due to 38 percent lower
average per-unit feedstock prices, partially offset by 10 percent lower
average per-unit sales prices. DAC production margins were also $13 million higher, primarily resulting from higher average per-unit margins
primarily driven by lower average per-unit feedstock prices.
2011 vs. 2010
The increase in segment revenues includes:
• A $657 million increase in marketing revenues primarily due to higher
average NGL, crude and propylene prices. These changes are substantially
offset by similar changes in marketing purchases.
• A $244 million increase in revenues from our equity NGLs reflecting an
increase of $272 million associated with a 25 percent increase in average
NGL per-unit sales prices, partially offset by a decrease of $28 million
associated with a 3 percent decrease in equity NGL volumes.
• A $167 million increase in olefin sales revenues including $126 million higher ethylene production sales revenues due to 28 percent higher average
per-unit sales prices on 6 percent higher volumes primarily resulting from
the absence of a four-week plant maintenance outage in 2010; and $30
million higher butadiene and DAC production sales revenues primarily due
to higher average per-unit sales prices.
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• A $107 million increase in fee revenues primarily due to higher gathering
and processing fee revenues. We have fees from new volumes on our
gathering assets in the Marcellus Shale in northeastern Pennsylvania,
which we acquired at the end of 2010 and on our Perdido Norte gas and oil
pipelines in the western deepwater Gulf of Mexico, which went into service in late 2010. In addition, higher fees in the Piceance basin are primarily
a result of an agreement executed in November 2010. These increases are
partially offset by a decline in gathering and transportation fees in the
eastern deepwater Gulf of Mexico primarily due to natural field declines.
Segment costs and expenses increased $862 million, or 22 percent, including:
• A $641 million increase in marketing purchases primarily due to higher
average NGL, crude and propylene prices. These changes are offset by
similar changes in marketing revenues.
• A $117 million increase in olefin feedstock costs including $93 million
higher ethylene feedstock costs resulting from higher average per-unit
feedstock costs and 6 percent higher volumes and $11 million higher
butadiene and DAC feedstock costs primarily due to higher per-unit
feedstock costs.
• A $104 million increase in operating costs reflecting $63 million, or 17
percent, higher maintenance expenses, including maintenance expenses for
our gathering assets in northeastern Pennsylvania acquired at the end of
2010, more maintenance performed on our assets in the western Onshore
businesses, and higher property insurance expense. In addition,
depreciation expense is $33 million higher primarily due to our new
Perdido Norte pipelines and our Echo Springs expansion, both of which went
into service in late 2010, along with increased depreciation of our
Lybrook plant which was idled in January 2012 when the gas was redirected
to our Ignacio plant.
• The absence of $30 million in gains recognized in 2010 associated with
sale of certain assets in Colorado's Piceance basin and involuntary
conversion gains due to insurance recoveries in excess of the carrying
value of certain Gulf Coast assets which were damaged by Hurricane Ike in
2008 and our Ignacio plant which was damaged by a fire in 2007.
• A $42 million decrease in costs associated with our equity NGLs reflecting
a decrease of $21 million associated with a 5 percent decrease in average
natural gas prices and a $21 million decrease reflecting lower equity NGL
volumes.
The increase in Midstream's segment profit reflects the previously described
changes in segment revenues and segment costs and expenses. A more detailed
analysis of the segment profit of certain Midstream operations is presented as
follows.
The increase in Midstream's segment profit includes:
• A $286 million increase in NGL margins reflecting:
• A $278 million increase in the Onshore businesses' NGL margins
reflecting a $249 million increase from favorable commodity price
changes due primarily to a 25 percent increase in average NGL prices.
NGL equity volumes sold are 5 percent higher reflecting new capacity
at our Echo Springs plant.
• An $8 million increase in the Gulf Coast businesses' NGL margins
related to a $39 million increase from favorable commodity price
changes, partially offset by 39 percent lower NGL equity volumes sold
primarily due to a change in a major contract from "keep-whole" to
"percent-of-liquids" processing.
• A $107 million increase in fee revenues as previously discussed.
• A $50 million increase in olefin product margins including $33 million
higher ethylene production margins due to 27 percent higher per-unit
margins on 6 percent higher volumes and $19 million higher butadiene and
DAC production margins primarily resulting from higher average per-unit
margins.
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• A $16 million increase in margins related to the marketing of NGLs, crude
and propylene.
• A $13 million increase in equity earnings primarily due to higher OPPL
equity earnings as a result of our purchase of an increased ownership
interest in September 2010.
• A $104 million increase in operating costs as previously discussed.
• A $30 million unfavorable change primarily related to gains recognized in
2010 as previously discussed.
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Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Liquidity
Overview
In 2012, we continued to focus upon growth through disciplined investments.
Examples of this growth included:
• Expansion of Gas Pipeline's interstate natural gas pipeline system to meet
the demand of growth markets.
• Laser, Caiman, and Geismar Acquisitions, as well as continued investment
in Midstream's gathering and processing capacity and infrastructure in the
Marcellus Shale area, western United States, and deepwater Gulf of Mexico.
These investments were primarily funded through cash flow from operations and
debt and equity offerings.
Outlook
We seek to manage our businesses with a focus on applying conservative financial
policy and maintaining investment-grade credit metrics. Our plan for 2013
reflects our ongoing transition to an overall business mix that is increasingly
fee-based. Although our cash flows are impacted by fluctuations in energy
commodity prices, that impact is somewhat mitigated by certain of our cash flow
streams that are not directly impacted by short-term commodity price movements,
as follows:
• Firm demand and capacity reservation transportation revenues under
long-term contracts at Gas Pipeline;
• Fee-based revenues from certain gathering and processing services at
Midstream.
We also note that the addition of the Geismar olefins-production facility is
expected to result in a favorable shift in our commodity exposure from ethane to
ethylene.
We believe we have, or have access to, the financial resources and liquidity
necessary to meet our requirements for working capital, capital and investment
expenditures, unitholder distributions and debt service payments while
maintaining a sufficient level of liquidity. In particular, we note the
following for 2013:
• We increased our per-unit quarterly distribution with respect to the fourth quarter of 2012 from $0.8075 to $0.8275. We expect to increase
quarterly limited partner cash distributions by approximately 9 percent
annually.
• We expect to fund capital and investment expenditures, debt service payments, distributions to unitholders and working capital requirements
primarily through cash flow from operations, cash and cash equivalents on
hand, cash proceeds from common unit and/or long-term debt issuances and
utilization of our revolver as needed. Based on a range of market
assumptions, we currently estimate our cash flow from operations will be
between $1.925 billion and $2.325 billion in 2013. In addition, we retain the flexibility to adjust our planned levels of capital and investment
expenditures in response to changes in economic conditions or business
opportunities.
Liquidity
Based on our forecasted levels of cash flow from operations and other sources of
liquidity, we expect to have sufficient liquidity to manage our businesses in
2013. Our internal and external sources of liquidity include:
• Cash and cash equivalents on hand;
• Cash generated from operations, including cash distributions from our equity method investees;
• Cash proceeds from offerings of our common units and/or long-term debt;
• Use of our revolver as needed and available.
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We anticipate our more significant uses of cash to be:
• Maintenance and expansion capital expenditures;
• Contributions to our equity method investees to fund their expansion capital expenditures;
• Interest on our long-term debt;
• Quarterly distributions to our unitholders and/or general partner.
Potential risks associated with our planned levels of liquidity and the planned
capital and investment expenditures discussed above include:
• Lower than expected levels of cash flow from operations;
• Limited availability of capital due to a change in our financial
condition, interest rates, market or industry conditions;
• Sustained reductions in energy commodity margins from expected 2013 levels;
• Physical damages to facilities, especially damage to offshore facilities
by named windstorms.
As of December 31, 2012, we had a working capital deficit (current liabilities
in excess of current assets) of $499 million. However, we note the following
about our available liquidity.
Available Liquidity December 31, 2012
(Millions)
Cash and cash equivalents $ 20
Capacity available under our $2.4 billion five-year revolver
(expires June 3, 2016) (1) 2,025
$ 2,045
(1) The full amount of the revolver is available to us, to the extent not
otherwise utilized by Transco and Northwest Pipeline, and may, under certain
conditions, be increased by up to an additional $400 million. Transco and
Northwest Pipeline are each able to borrow up to $400 million under the
revolver to the extent not otherwise utilized by the other co-borrowers. As
of February 25, 2013, $975 million of loans are outstanding under this
revolver. At December 31, 2012, we are in compliance with the financial
covenants associated with this revolver. (See Note 11 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.)
Shelf Registration
In February 2012, we filed a shelf registration statement as a well-known
seasoned issuer to facilitate unlimited issuances of registered debt and limited
partnership unit securities.
Distributions from Equity Method Investees
Our equity method investees' organizational documents require distribution of
their available cash to their members on a quarterly basis. In each case,
available cash is reduced, in part, by reserves appropriate for operating their
respective businesses. Our more significant equity method investees include: Aux
Sable, Discovery, Gulfstream, Laurel Mountain, and OPPL.
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Debt Offerings
In August 2012, we completed a public offering of $750 million of our 3.35
percent senior unsecured notes due in 2022. We used the $745 million net
proceeds to repay outstanding borrowings under our revolver and for general
partnership purposes.
In July 2012, Transco received net proceeds of $395 million from the issuance of
$400 million of 4.45 percent senior unsecured notes due in 2042. These proceeds
were used to repay Transco's $325 million 8.875 percent notes and for general
corporate purposes, including capital expenditures.
Equity Offerings
In August 2012, we completed an equity issuance of 8,500,000 common units
representing limited partner interests in us at a price of $51.43 per unit.
Subsequently, we sold an additional 1,275,000 common units for $51.43 per unit
to the underwriters upon the underwriters' exercise of their option to purchase
additional common units. The net proceeds of $488 million were used to repay
outstanding borrowings under our revolver and for general partnership purposes.
In April 2012, we completed an equity issuance of 10,000,000 common units
representing limited partner interests in us at a price of $54.56 per unit.
Subsequently, we sold an additional 973,368 common units for $54.56 per unit to
the underwriters upon the underwriters' exercise of their option to purchase
additional common units. The net proceeds of $581 million were used for general
partnership purposes, including the funding of a portion of the cash purchase
price of the Caiman Acquisition.
In April 2012, we also issued 16,360,133 common units to Williams for $1
billion, which was used to fund a portion of the cash purchase price of the
Caiman Acquisition.
In January 2012, we completed an equity issuance of 7,000,000 common units
representing limited partner interests in us at a price of $62.81 per unit. In
February 2012, we sold an additional 1,050,000 common units for $62.81 per unit
to the underwriters upon the underwriters' exercise of their option to purchase
additional common units. The net proceeds of $490 million were used to fund
capital expenditures and for general partnership purposes.
Additionally, we issued equity to the sellers for acquisitions as discussed
below.
Acquisitions
In November 2012, we completed the Geismar Acquisition in exchange for aggregate
consideration valued at $2.364 billion, including $25 million in cash and
42,778,812 of our common units.
In April 2012, we completed the Caiman Acquisition in exchange for aggregate
consideration of $1.72 billion in cash, net of purchase price adjustments, and
11,779,296 of our common units.
In February 2012, we completed the Laser Acquisition in exchange for $325
million in cash, net of cash acquired in the transaction, and 7,531,381 of our
common units.
Credit Ratings
The table below presents our current credit ratings and outlook on our senior
unsecured long-term debt.
Senior Unsecured
Rating Agency Date of Last Change Outlook Debt Rating
Standard & Poor's March 5, 2012 Stable BBB
Moody's Investors Service February 27, 2012 Stable Baa2
Fitch Ratings February 9, 2012 Positive BBB-
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With respect to Standard and Poor's, a rating of "BBB" or above indicates an
investment grade rating. A rating below "BBB" indicates that the security has
significant speculative characteristics. A "BB" rating indicates that Standard
and Poor's believes the issuer has the capacity to meet its financial commitment
on the obligation, but adverse business conditions could lead to insufficient
ability to meet financial commitments. Standard and Poor's may modify its
ratings with a "+" or a "-" sign to show the obligor's relative standing within
a major rating category.
With respect to Moody's, a rating of "Baa" or above indicates an investment
grade rating. A rating below "Baa" is considered to have speculative elements.
The "1", "2", and "3" modifiers show the relative standing within a major
category. A "1" indicates that an obligation ranks in the higher end of the
broad rating category, "2" indicates a mid-range ranking, and "3" indicates a
ranking at the lower end of the category.
With respect to Fitch, a rating of "BBB" or above indicates an investment grade
rating. A rating below "BBB" is considered speculative grade. Fitch may add a
"+" or a "-" sign to show the obligor's relative standing within a major rating
category.
Credit rating agencies perform independent analyses when assigning credit
ratings. No assurance can be given that the credit rating agencies will continue
to assign us investment grade ratings even if we meet or exceed their current
criteria for investment grade ratios. A downgrade of our credit rating might
increase our future cost of borrowing and would require us to post additional
collateral with third parties, negatively impacting our available liquidity. As
of December 31, 2012, we estimate that a downgrade to a rating below investment
grade could require us to post up to $429 million in additional collateral with
third parties.
Capital Expenditures
Each of our businesses is capital-intensive, requiring investment to upgrade or
enhance existing operations and comply with safety and environmental
regulations. The capital requirements of these businesses consist primarily of:
• Maintenance capital expenditures, which are generally not discretionary,
including (1) capital expenditures made to replace partially or fully
depreciated assets in order to maintain the existing operating capacity of
our assets and to extend their useful lives, (2) expenditures which are
mandatory and/or essential to comply with laws and regulations and
maintain the reliability of our operations, and (3) certain well
connection expenditures.
• Expansion capital expenditures, which are generally more discretionary
than maintenance capital expenditures, including (1) expenditures to
acquire additional assets to grow our business, to expand and upgrade
plant or pipeline capacity and to construct new plants, pipelines and
storage facilities and (2) well connection expenditures which are not
classified as maintenance expenditures.
The following table provides summary information related to our expected capital
expenditures for 2013:
Maintenance Expansion
Segment Low Midpoint High Low Midpoint High
(Millions)
Gas Pipeline $ 225 $ 250 $ 275 $ 500 $ 525 $ 550
Midstream 90 100 110 2,735 2,875 3,015
Total $ 315 $ 350 $ 385 $ 3,235 $ 3,400 $ 3,565
See Results of Operations - Segments, Gas Pipeline and Midstream for discussions
describing the general nature of these expenditures.
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Cash Distributions to Unitholders
We have paid quarterly distributions to unitholders and our general partner
after every quarter since our initial public offering on August 23, 2005. We
have increased the fourth quarter 2012 distribution to $ 0.8275 per unit, from
the third quarter 2012 distribution of $0.8075, which resulted in a
fourth-quarter 2012 cash distribution of approximately $442 million that was
paid on February 8, 2013, to the general and limited partners of record at the
close of business on February 1, 2013.
Williams has agreed to temporarily waive its incentive distribution rights
related to the common units issued to Williams and the seller of Caiman Eastern
Midstream, LLC, in connection with our acquisition of that entity, through 2013.
In connection with the Geismar Acquisition, Williams also agreed to waive $16
million per quarter of incentive distribution rights until the later of
December 31, 2013 or 30 days after the Geismar plant expansion is operational.
The incentive distribution rights waived relative to distributions paid in 2012
were $24 million.
Sources (Uses) of Cash
Years Ended December 31,
2012 2011 2010
(Millions)
Net cash provided (used) by:
Operating activities $ 2,018 $ 2,290 $ 1,922
Financing activities 2,412 (918 ) 3,418
Investing activities (4,573 ) (1,396 ) (5,306 )
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $ (143 ) $
(24 ) $ 34
Operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $272 million in 2012 as
compared to 2011 primarily due to lower operating income.
Net cash provided by operating activities increased $368 million in 2011 as
compared to 2010 primarily due to higher operating income.
Financing activities
Significant transactions include:
2012
• $1.559 billion received from our equity offerings;
• $1.44 billion related to quarterly cash distributions paid to limited
partner unitholders and our general partner;
• $1 billion received from Williams for common units issued, used for the funding of a portion of the cash purchase price of the Caiman Acquisition;
• $1.49 billion received in revolver borrowings for general partnership
purposes, including capital expenditures;
• $745 million net proceeds received from our August 2012 public offering of
$750 million of senior unsecured notes due in 2022;
• $395 million net proceeds received from Transco's July 2012 issuance of
$400 million of senior unsecured notes due in 2042;
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• $1.115 billion of revolver borrowings paid;
• $325 million paid to retire Transco's 8.875 percent notes upon their
maturity on July 15, 2012.
2011
• $1.12 billion related to quarterly cash distributions paid to limited partner unitholders and our general partner;
• $500 million received from our public offering of senior unsecured notes
in November 2011 primarily used to repay borrowings on our revolver
mentioned below;
• $375 million received from Transco's issuance of senior unsecured notes in
August 2011;
• $300 million paid to retire Transco's senior unsecured notes that matured
in August 2011;
• $300 million received in revolver borrowings from our $1.75 billion unsecured credit facility used to acquire a 24.5 percent interest in
Gulfstream from Williams in May 2011. This obligation was transferred to
our new $2 billion unsecured credit facility at its inception in June
2011;
• $150 million paid to retire senior unsecured notes that matured in June
2011;
• $123 million distributed to Williams related to the excess purchase price
over the contributed basis of Gulfstream in May 2011.
2010
• $3.5 billion of net proceeds from the issuance of senior unsecured notes;
• $660 million related to quarterly cash distributions paid to limited
partner unitholders and our general partner;
• $600 million received from our public offering of senior notes in November
2010 primarily used to fund a portion of the cash consideration paid for
the Piceance Acquisition (See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.);
• $437 million received from our September and October 2010 equity offering
primarily used to reduce revolver borrowings;
• $430 million received in revolver borrowings from our $1.75 billion unsecured credit facility primarily used to fund our increased ownership
in OPPL, a transaction that closed in September 2010;
• $369 million received from our December 2010 equity offering used to reduce revolver borrowings and to fund a portion of our acquisition of
certain midstream assets in Pennsylvania's Marcellus Shale in December
2010;
• $250 million received from revolver borrowings on our $1.75 billion unsecured credit facility in February 2010 to repay a term loan
outstanding under our credit agreement which expired at the closing of
certain businesses we acquired from Williams;
• $244 million distributed to Williams related to the excess purchase price
over the contributed basis of the gathering and processing assets acquired
in the Piceance Acquisition;
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• $200 million received in revolver borrowings from our $1.75 billion
unsecured credit facility primarily used for general partnership purposes
and to fund a portion of the cash consideration paid for the Piceance
Acquisition;
• $152 million in distributions to Williams primarily related to the Contributed Entities prior to the closing of the Dropdown. (See Note 1 of
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.)
Investing activities
Significant transactions include:
2012
• $2.1 billion in capital expenditures;
• $1.72 billion paid, net of purchase price adjustments, for the Caiman
Acquisition in April 2012;
• $325 million paid, net of cash acquired in the transaction, for the Laser Acquisition in March 2012;
• $471 million contributed to our equity method investments.
2011
• $1 billion in capital expenditures;
• $174 million related to our acquisition of a 24.5 percent interest in
Gulfstream from Williams in May 2011 (See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.);
• $137 million contribution to our Laurel Mountain equity investment.
2010
• $3.4 billion related to the cash consideration paid for certain businesses
we acquired from Williams;
• $844 million in capital expenditures;
• $458 million related to the Piceance Acquisition;
• $424 million cash payment for our September 2010 acquisition of an
increased interest in OPPL;
• $150 million paid for the purchase of a business in December 2010, consisting primarily of midstream assets in Pennsylvania's Marcellus
Shale.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Guarantees of Debt or Other Commitments
We have various other guarantees and commitments which are disclosed in Notes 9,
11, 14, and 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. We do not believe
these guarantees or the possible fulfillment of them will prevent us from
meeting our liquidity needs.
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Contractual Obligations
The table below summarizes the maturity dates of our contractual obligations at
December 31, 2012:
2014 - 2016 -
2013 2015 2017 Thereafter Total
(Millions)
Long-term debt, including current
portion:
Principal $ - $ 750 $ 1,535 $ 6,168 $ 8,453
Interest 426 825 710 3,323 5,284
Operating leases (1) 40 66 53 136 295
Purchase obligations (2) 1,569 196 177 495 2,437
Other long-term obligations 1 1 - 1 3
Total $ 2,036 $ 1,838 $ 2,475 $ 10,123 $ 16,472
(1) Includes a right-of-way agreement with the Jicarilla Apache Nation, which is
considered an operating lease. We are required to make a fixed annual payment
of $7.5 million and an additional annual payment, which varies depending on
per-unit NGL margins and the volume of gas gathered by our gathering
facilities subject to the right-of-way agreement. The table above for years
2014 and thereafter does not include such variable amounts related to this
agreement as the variable amount is not yet determinable. The variable
portion to be paid in 2013 based on 2012 gathering volumes is $7.3 million
and is included in the table for year 2013.
(2) Includes approximately $1.2 billion in open property, plant and equipment
purchase orders. Larger projects include Gulfstar and the Geismar plant
expansion. Also includes an estimated $579 million long-term ethane purchase
obligation with index-based pricing terms that is reflected in this table at
December 31, 2012 prices. This obligation is part of an overall exchange
agreement whereby volumes we transport on OPPL are sold at a third-party
fractionator near Conway, Kansas, and we are subsequently obligated to
purchase ethane volumes at Mont Belvieu. The purchased ethane volumes may be
utilized or resold at comparable prices in the Mont Belvieu market. In
addition, we have not included certain natural gas life-of-lease contracts
for which the future volumes are indeterminable. We have not included
commitments, beyond purchase orders, for the acquisition or construction of
property, plant and equipment or expected contributions to our jointly owned
investments (See Results of Operations - Segments).
Effects of Inflation
Our operations have historically not been materially affected by inflation.
Approximately 56 percent of our gross property, plant, and equipment is at Gas
Pipeline. Gas Pipeline is subject to regulation, which limits recovery to
historical cost. While amounts in excess of historical cost are not recoverable
under current FERC practices, we anticipate being allowed to recover and earn a
return based on increased actual cost incurred to replace existing assets.
Cost-based regulations, along with competition and other market factors, may
limit our ability to recover such increased costs. For Midstream, operating
costs are influenced to a greater extent by both competition for specialized
services and specific price changes in crude oil and natural gas and related
commodities than by changes in general inflation. Crude oil, natural gas, and
NGL prices are particularly sensitive to the Organization of the Petroleum
Exporting Countries (OPEC) production levels and/or the market perceptions
concerning the supply and demand balance in the near future, as well as general
economic conditions. However, our exposure to certain of these price changes is
reduced through the use of hedging instruments and the fee-based nature of
certain of our services.
Environmental
We are a participant in certain environmental activities in various stages
including assessment studies, cleanup operations and/or remedial processes at
certain sites, some of which we currently do not own (see Note 15 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements). We are monitoring these sites in a
coordinated effort with other potentially responsible parties, the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), or other governmental authorities. We are
jointly and severally liable along with unrelated third parties in some of these
activities and solely responsible in
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others. Current estimates of the most likely costs of such activities are
approximately $17 million, all of which are included in other accrued
liabilities and regulatory liabilities, deferred income and other on the
Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2012. We will seek recovery of
approximately $10 million of these accrued costs through future natural gas
transmission rates. The remainder of these costs will be funded from operations.
During 2012, we paid approximately $4 million for cleanup and/or remediation and
monitoring activities. We expect to pay approximately $5 million in 2013 for
these activities. Estimates of the most likely costs of cleanup are generally
based on completed assessment studies, preliminary results of studies or our
experience with other similar cleanup operations. At December 31, 2012, certain
assessment studies were still in process for which the ultimate outcome may
yield different estimates of most likely costs. Therefore, the actual costs
incurred will depend on the final amount, type, and extent of contamination
discovered at these sites, the final cleanup standards mandated by the EPA or
other governmental authorities, and other factors.
In March 2008, the EPA promulgated a new, lower National Ambient Air Quality
Standard (NAAQS) for ground-level ozone. However, in September 2009, the EPA
announced it would reconsider the 2008 NAAQS for ground level ozone to ensure
that the standards were clearly grounded in science and were protective of both
public health and the environment. As a result, the EPA delayed designation of
new eight-hour ozone nonattainment areas under the 2008 standards until the
reconsideration is complete. In January 2010, the EPA proposed to further reduce
the ground-level ozone NAAQS from the March 2008 levels. In September 2011, the
EPA announced that it was proceeding with required actions to implement the 2008
ozone standard and area designations. In May 2012, the EPA completed designation
of new eight-hour ozone non-attainment areas. Several Transco facilities are
located in 2008 ozone nonattainment areas; however, each facility has been
previously subjected to federal and/or state emission control requirements
implemented to address preceding ozone standards. To date, no new federal or
state actions have been proposed to mandate additional emission controls at
these facilities. At this time, it is unknown whether future federal or state
regulatory actions associated with implementation of the 2008 ozone standard
will impact our operations and increase the cost of additions to property, plant
and equipment-net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Until any additional
federal or state regulatory actions are proposed, we are unable to estimate the
cost of additions that may be required to meet this new regulation.
Additionally, several non-attainment areas exist in or near areas where we have
operating assets. States are required to develop implementation plans to bring
these areas into compliance. Implementing regulations are expected to result in
impacts to our operations and increase the cost of additions to property, plant
and equipment-net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for both new and existing
facilities in affected areas.
Additionally, in August 2010, the EPA promulgated National Emission Standards
for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) regulations that will impact our
operations. The emission control additions required to comply with the NESHAP
regulations are estimated to include capital costs in the range of $11 million
to $13 million through 2013, the compliance date.
In June 2010, the EPA promulgated a final rule establishing a new one-hour
sulfur dioxide (SO2) NAAQS. The effective date of the new SO2 standard was
August 23, 2010. The EPA has not adopted final modeling guidance. We are unable
at this time to estimate the cost of additions that may be required to meet this
new regulation.
On January 22, 2010, the EPA set a new one-hour nitrogen dioxide (NO2) NAAQS.
The effective date of the new NO2 standard was April 12, 2010. This standard is
subject to challenge in federal court. On January 20, 2012, the EPA determined
pursuant to available information that no area in the country is violating the
2010 NO2 NAAQS and thus designated all areas of the country as
"unclassifiable/attainment." Also, at that time the EPA noted its plan to deploy
an expanded NO2 monitoring network beginning in 2013. However on October 5,
2012, the EPA proposed a graduated implementation of the monitoring network
between January 1, 2014 and January 1, 2017. Once three years of data is
collected from the new monitoring network, the EPA will reassess attainment
status with the one-hour NO2 NAAQS. Until that time, the EPA or states may
require ambient air quality modeling on a case by case basis to demonstrate
compliance with the NO2 standard. Because we are unable to predict the outcome
of the EPA's or states' future assessment using the new monitoring network, we
are unable to estimate the cost of additions that may be required to meet this
regulation.
Our interstate natural gas pipelines consider prudently incurred environmental
assessment and remediation costs and the costs associated with compliance with
environmental standards to be recoverable through rates.
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